introduction urmia lake in the northwestern corner of iran is one of the largest permanent hyper saline lakes in the world and the largest lake in the middle east. it is extended as much as 140 km from north to south and is as wide as 85 km east to west during high water periods. qualitative and quantitative degradation of water resources is one of the major challenges in the way of sustainable...

introduction in spite of its short time period compared with the earth long evolution history, quaternary has had a significant effect on the final formation of the landforms and vital resources. it is the final analysis of these levels and fully dependent on the earth genetic diseases and, above all, significant climate changes that have happened during this period. gavkhouni basin morphologic...

The climate of the Great Lakes Region is determined by the general westerly atmospheric circulation, the latitude, and the local modifying influence of the lakes. Due to the lake effect, the regional climate alternates between continental and semi-marine. The semi-marine climate is more consistent contiguous to the lakes, but with favorable meterological conditions, it may penetrate deeply inla...

Mono Lake is a hypersaline, alkaline lake in the Mono Basin located #at he eastern base of the Californian Sierra Nevada. Its lake-level history since 1912 has been recorded instrumentally, showing the decline of lake-surface elevations initiated by the 1941 artificial diversion of stream inflow. We have made high-resolution oxygen isotopic measurements on the total carbonate fraction of lake s...

groundwater quality has a direct impact on human life. the main objective of this research is to investigate changes in groundwater quality and levels in lake urmia basin. tasoj and shiramin plains are selected as a study area. the suitability of groundwater quality for drinking and agricultural purposes were assessed using schoeller and wilcox diagram. according to the wilcox classification, t...

climate change is one of the most important problems in the present century. so assessing and prediction of future changes is important on water resources and so important for economics and socio-economic consequences. the purpose of this research is assessing the effects of climate change on surface runoff volumes under the scenarios: a1b, a2 and b1 using hadcm3 general circulation model and i...

Ali Shalizar Jalali1*, Mehdi Behfar2 and Alireza Nourian1 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 2Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran *Corresponding author: Ali Shalizar Jalali, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, ...

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin have the most representative and largest concentration of freshwater lakes in China. However, the size and number of these lakes have changed considerably over the past century due to the natural and anthropogenic impact. The lakes, larger than 10 km(2) in size, were chosen from relief maps and remotely sensed images in 1875, 1950, 1970, 1...