Dairy foods contain complex nutrients which interact with the host. Yet, evolution of lactase persistence has divided the human species into those that can or cannot digest lactose in adulthood. Such a ubiquitous trait has differential effects on humanity. The literature is reviewed to explore how the divide affects lactose handling by lactase non persistent persons. There are two basic differe...

introduction:the prevalence of atopic diseases has increased in recent decades dramatically. the most common aeroallergens in northeastern iran have not been fully defined. define the most common aeroallergens in allergic patients based on the skin prick test (spt) was aimed in this investigation.materials and methods:this cross-sectional study enrolled 1,006 allergic patients (aged 1–86 years)...

We describe a design for a reputation system that increases the reliability and thus efficiency of remailer services. Our reputation system uses a MIX-net in which MIXes give receipts for intermediate messages. Together with a set of witnesses, these receipts allow senders to verify the correctness of each MIX and prove misbehavior to the witnesses. We suggest a simple model and metric for eval...

The disintegration process of pharmaceutical tablets is a crucial step in the oral delivery drug. Tablet does not only refer to break up interparticle bonds, but also relates liquid absorption and swelling behaviour tablet. This study demonstrates use sessile drop method coupled with image processing models analyse surface kinetics four filler combinations (microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)/mann...

Partially hydrolysed aluminium oxochlorides (ACH) and aluminium-zirconium-glycine oxochlorides (AZG) have been encapsulated using lipophilic carboxylic acids from H,O-silicone solvent systems. The encapsulated materials (E-materials) precipitate out of solution in the form of spherical beads. Their particle size varies with agitation conditions. Distributions from a few tenths to a few hundreds...

Since the year 1939, when preparations of protein digests became generally available in America, reports of investigations designed to test their value in the parenteral feeding of infants have appeared from time to time. ' Amigen,' an enzymic digest of hydrolysed casein, is one of these preparations. Shohl, Butler, Blackfan, and McIlan (1939), using ' amigen ' as the sole source of nitrogen in...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a commercial lactose-containing stevioside sweetener on biofilm acidogenicity in vivo. Nine volunteers refrained from brushing their teeth for 3 days in five phases. On the 4th day of each phase, the pH of the biofilm was measured by the "Strip method". Interproximal plaque pH was measured before and up to 60 minutes after a 10 mL mouthrinse f...

Aims To see the prevalence of lactose intolerance (LI) and related symptoms following oral lactose challenge in healthy volunteers. Materials and methods Symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea, borborygmi, flatulence, and diarrhea were noted for 24 hours and blood glucose was estimated at 0 hour and 30 minutes after 25 gm oral lactose load to healthy volunteers. Failure to rise blood glucose leve...

Streptococcus thermophilus is the archetype of lactose-adapted bacterium and so far, its sugar metabolism has been mainly investigated in vitro. The objective of this work was to study the impact of lactose and lactose permease on S. thermophilus physiology in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of gnotobiotic rats. We used rats mono-associated with LMD-9 strain and receiving 4.5% lactose. This mo...

Lactose handling by the human gut by most people, beyond being breast-fed, has been considered a disorder rather than physiological. A non-human mammalian milk source is novel for the majority. During the first 6 months of life, when neonates and infants are best breast-fed, lactose along with other macronutrients, provides energy, but may have other functions as well. At birth, babies are endo...