This study investigated the lactating stage of rats to determine the effect on maternal behavior of a single exposure to general anesthetic. Lactating Wistar rats were treated with anesthetic doses of pentobarbital (PENT) or ketamine (KET) on day 3 or 9 of lactation, and their behavioral responses were evaluated during a 50-min nursing period, after a 4-h mother-pup separation, on day 12. Expos...

Effects of pregnancy and lactation on lymphocytes in the bone marrow of the mouse were quantitatively examined by electron microscopy. Pregnancy induces a decrease in the frequency of marrow lymphocytes, and delivery causes further depletion of marrow lymphocytes. Then the frequency of lymphocytes gradually increases to normal 20 days after delivery. The frequency is restored to the normal leve...

This community’s service activity is carried out in Perawang Barat village, a subdistrict of Tualang, regency Siak. The purpose this dedicated activities to 1) provide information and education the public about stunting nutrition child, 2) increase knowledge insight community on prevention, 3) raising mothers’ awareness linked child development early on. As for benefits devotion activity, it ch...

Lactating female chacma baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinus, maintain close associations, or ‘friendships’, with particular males that may protect infants from sexually selected infanticide by a newly immigrated alpha male. In a 2-year study, we sought evidence of female–female competition for male friends in cases where two mothers maintained friendships with the same male simultaneously. In t...