Collocation learning is one of the important building blocks for the development of language competence. Remarkably, it is influenced by L1 and L2 congruency. The present study thus focused on the distinguishability of the computational similarity values between L2 collocates and L1 counterparts to establish the use of semantic similarity measure as a research instrument. The results showed tha...

In Caenorhabditis elegans, the fates of the multipotent vulval precursor cells (VPCs) are specified by intercellular signals. The VPCs divide in the third larval stage (L3) of the wild type, producing progeny of determined cell types. In lin-28 mutants, vulva development is similar to wild-type vulva development except that it occurs precociously, in the second larval stage (L2). Consequently, ...

this is a longitudinal case study of two farsi-speaking children learning english: ‘bernard’ and ‘melissa’, who were 7;4 and 8;4 at the start of data collection. the research deals with the initial state and further development in the child second language (l2) acquisition of syntax regarding the presence or absence of copula as a functional category, as well as the role and degree of l1 influe...

This study draws on teacher perception data gathered from 65 secondary school modern languages (L2) teachers in South-East England. Data were collected via four iterations of an online questionnaire and follow-up interviews with six heads department. paper reports respondents’ perceived strengths development needs relation to their classroom practice, including: L2 teachers’ sense self-efficacy...

Studies of language development suggest that child learners nearly always reach an error-free stage in the acquisition of grammar whereas adult learners who reach an error-free proficiency level are rare. Moreover, children achieve this “perfect” stage seemingly effortlessly and quickly unlike adults. One explanation for these differences comes from an idea of an innate language device which is...