This open access book provides a concise introduction to critical development in memory studies. A global formation has emerged since the 1990s, which memories of traumatic histories different parts world, often articulated terms established by Holocaust memory.

To date, little research on pragmatic transfer has considered a multilingual situation where there is an interaction among three different languages spoken by one person. Of interest was whether pragmatic transfer of refusals among three languages spoken by the same person occurs from L1 and L2 to L3, L1 to L2 and then to L3 or from L1 and L1 (if there are more than one L1) to L2. This study ai...

We define and characterize the class of all weighted solidarity values. Our first characterization employs the classical axioms determining the solidarity value (except symmetry), that is, efficiency, additivity and the A-null player axiom, and two new axioms called proportionality and strong individual rationality. In our second axiomatization, the additivity and the A-null player axioms are r...

In the paper we study the asymptotic behavior of the solidarity value and the equal split value in different classes of cooperative games. In particular, we discuss three natural definitions of asymptotic equivalence of values for TU ­games and identify for each of them the classes of games for which the solidarity value and the equal split value are equivalent. Also, a computer illustration of...

The article traces the response of the hospital chaplain witnessing ungrieved death. Linking grief with cultural recognition, the article analyzes the absence of grief on the occasion of death within outcast social spheres. It then outlines the ways chaplains both participate in the cultural norms that render lives ungrievable and, conversely, in the solidarity of God, who cares for every life ...

this study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding amongtwo iranian sub-cultures (kurdish and northern women).the primary purpose of this study was to examine whether northern and kurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks. the second purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the d...

this study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding amongtwo iranian sub-cultures (kurdish and northern women).the primary purpose of this study was to examine whether northern and kurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks. the second purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the d...

learner autonomy has become the area of interest by many researchers of foreign language learning in the recent years. however, few studies have been done concerning the case of kurdish learners` autonomy in learning languages. for this reason, the current study addresses this gap. it intends to investigate to what extent kurdish learners are autonomous in learning english language. the study i...

This paper presents an investigation into the relationship between individuals’ attitudes towards their mother tongue and lexical attrition. The is based on data from a study wherein 10 Kurdish-Turkish bilinguals were asked to narrate well-known story in of Kurdish. These individuals selected among 104 participants according score Mother Tongue Attitude Scale (MTAS), scale used determine attitu...