recent studies have reported that metal sulfide nanoparticles had potential adverse effects.  in this research, lead (ii) sulfide nanoparticles have been synthesized under different reaction conditions. scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction were used to characterize the particle size and morphology. distribution, accumulation and toxic effects of nanoparticles on rats as a biologic...

introduction: renal length as measured on sonography is fundamental in diagnosis & follow up of renal diseases, and there’s increasing use of this kind of examination nowadays. some radiologists believe in the effect of position on renal measurements. regarding the above mentioned facts and in order to compare effect of patient position on sonographic measurement of renal length, this study was...

world kidney day (wkd) is a joint initiative of the international society of nephrology (isn) and the international federation of kidney foundations (ifkf). seven years on from the first campaign, world kidney day (wkd) has turned into a global phenomenon. on march 13, 2014, medical professionals, government officials, the general public, celebrities and patients took action locally. in 2014, t...

We discuss the problem of partitioning a set of points into two subsets with certain conditions on the diameters of the subsets and on their cardinalities. For example, we give an O(n log n) algorithm to find the smallest t such that the set can be split into two equal cardinality subsets each of which has diameter at most t. We also give an algorithm that takes two pairs of points (x, y) and (...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of intracystic MRI features for detection of severe cyst infection that is usually refractory to antibiotic therapy alone in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. METHODS Seventy-six patients (88 episodes) with positive cyst cultures treated from January 2006 to December 2013 were enrolled as the case...

Formaldehyde is used traditionally for fixing the cadaver, and vaporized during dissection and practical studying on cadaver. This study was designed to determine the histopathologic and morphometric changes of rat kidney while all of the experiments were exposed to formaldehyde for 18 weeks. 28 male albino Wistar rats were divided into the following three experimental groups (E1: 2hrs/d, 2d/w;...

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with high prevalence rate in Indonesia, ranking 5th out of 10 countries the highest number diabetes cases. In 2019, Indonesia had mellitus at 9.3% (463 million) and an estimated increase to 12.2% (783 by 2045. The kidney, primary organ affected glucose levels, compound. Guava leaves, which contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, ta...

The transfinite diameter is a way of quantifying the size of compact sets in Euclidean space. This quantity is related to the Hausdorff dimension and the Lebesgue measure, but gives a slightly different perspective on the set than either of those do. In this paper, we introduce the transfinite diameter, and outline some attempts to calculate this quantity for three sets in R. For z1, z2, . . . ...

In this paper, we report the fabrication of a dual microsensor for sensing nitric oxide (NO) and calcium ions (Ca(2+)) and its application for simultaneous NO/Ca(2+) measurements in living rat kidney tissue. NO and Ca(2+) have very important physiological functions and are both intricately involved in many biological processes. The dual NO/Ca(2+) sensor is prepared based on a dual recessed elec...

Although cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm have been repeatedly reported in the literature, no systematic studies of the aortas of these patients have been performed. In the study presented here, a sonographic study of the abdominal aorta in 139 ADPKD patients and in 149 healthy family members was carried out. For both groups...