mother's and infant exposure to cigarette smoke is one of the most important public health problems. there is no study in iran evaluating the impact of cigarette smoke on infant growth and development. the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cigarette. this prospective cohort study was conducted on 51 cigarette smoke-exposed infants (exposed group) and 51 non-exposed infants (...

چکیده تأثیر مدت غرقاب شدن خاک، منبع و مقدار کود آلی بر ویژگی های رشد گیاه آفتابگردان ((helianthus annuus l. در شرایط گلخانه ای بررسی گردید. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار شامل مدت غرقاب در پنج سطح (0، 2، 4، 8، 22 روز) و منبع و مقدار کود آلی در پنج سطح )شاهد، 15 گرم کود گاوی، 30 گرم کود گاوی، 15 گرم لجن فاضلاب و 30 گرم لجن فاضلاب بر کیلوگرم خاک( انجام شد. نتا...

background prediction of skeletal growth is necessary for growth modification and surgical orthodontic treatments and is usually done by assessing skeletal maturity indicators in hand-wrist radiographs. the use of growth stages of cervical vertebrae in lateral cephalograms has been suggested to avoid overexposure. objectives this study seeks to assess the degree of agreement between hand-wrist ...

background :growth retardation in children is a result of nutritional ignorance, inappropriate care, and inadequate monitoring of growth monitoring. this study was performed to assess the effect of mothers education program based on the precede model on the mean weight of children (6-12 months) at health centers in shiraz, fars province.   methods : this quasi experimental study was conducted o...

introduction turner syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality in females. girls with turner syndrome have an abmormal or missing x choromosme that causes short stature, ovarian failure, renovascular and cardiac anomalies. it has been shown that there is a tendency to obesity in the turner syndrome. this prospective study has been done to evaluate whether body mass index (bmi) is diffe...

background:growth is one of the most important indices in child health. the best and most effective way to investigate child health is measuring the physical growth indices such as weight, height and head circumference. among these measures, weight growth is the simplest and the most effective way to determine child growth status. weight trend at a given age is the result of cumulative growth e...

results our results revealed that the serum levels of tgf-β were significantly increased in chb patients in compare to healthy controls. conclusions according to this result, it may be concluded that high serum levels of tgf-β may be a mechanism by which immune response against hbv is suppressed. background the transforming growth factor-β (tgf-β) is an important cytokine with anti-inflammatory...

background : because of the rapid aging rate, the share of health expenditure in gross domestic product rises irreversibly and increases concern among politicians and the general public. the aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the baumol’s model of unbalanced growth in iran over the period 1981-2010. methods : this theoretical-analytical study was conducted in 2012 to investigate t...

abstract background: secular trends in stature, weight and mid upper arm circumference (muac) of 2397 school children (1268 boys and 1129 girls) of the same age (6.5-11.5 years) and sex in representative samples from primary schools of shiraz (southern iran) at an interval of 15 years (1988 vs 2003) are reported. methods: cross-sectional weight, height and mid upper arm circumference (muac) cur...

background: cystic fibrosis (cf) is a common genetic disorder chiefly characterized by respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation and growth status in cf patients at the time of diagnosis and following conventional treatment. materials and methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted on 67 cf patients who enrolled for at leas...