Murine very small embryonic-like (VSEL) cells, defined by the Lin(-)Sca-1(+)CD45(-) phenotype and small size, were described as pluripotent cells and proposed to be the most primitive hematopoietic precursors in adult bone marrow. Although their isolation and potential application rely entirely on flow cytometry, the immunophenotype of VSELs has not been extensively characterized. Our aim was t...

Population genetic structures of the two major malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis, differ markedly across Sub-Saharan Africa, which could reflect differences in historical demographies or in contemporary gene flow. Elucidation of the degree and cause of population structure is important for predicting the spread of genetic traits such as insecticide resistance genes or ar...

BACKGROUND The control and prevention of dengue largely depends on vector control measures, environmental management, and personal protection. Dengue control programmes are facing great challenges due to development of insecticide resistance among vector mosquitoes. Information on susceptibility status to different insecticides is important for national programmes to formulate vector control st...

In order to develop a novel system for the discrimination of five ginseng cultivars (Panax ginseng Meyer), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays with real-time polymerase chain reaction were conducted. Nucleotide substitution in gDNA library clones of P. ginseng cv. Yunpoong was targeted for the SNP genotyping assay. From these SNP sites, a set of modified SNP specific fluoresc...

Resistance to insecticides used control pests is an issue of increasing concern for agriculture. The grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, a pest cereals and grasses worldwide, one growing due the evolution resistance certain insecticides. confers benefits insects by enabling them survive exposure insecticide compounds; however, mutations conferring may also penalise insect in pesticide-free environmen...

Two mini-sequencing methods, FP-TDI (template-directed dye-terminator incorporation with fluorescence-polarization) and MassArray (matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight detection mass spectrometry), were optimized. A numeric standard was introduced to evaluate the SNP scoring quality of FP-TDI assay, thus made the optimization work easier. At the same time, using multi-PCR ...

There is considerable interest in the discovery and characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to enable the analysis of the potential relationships between human genotype and phenotype. Here we present a strategy that permits the rapid discovery of SNPs from publicly available expressed sequence tag (EST) databases. From a set of ESTs derived from 19 different cDNA libraries, w...

Given an m×n haplotype matrix A, we show linear time algorithms for finding all interval diversities, farthest sites, and the longest block with low diversity. For selecting the multiple long blocks with diversity constraint, we show that selecting k blocks with longest total length can be be found in O(nk). We also propose linear time algorithms in calculating the all intra-longest-blocks and ...

Neuropilin-1 (Npn-1) is a cell surface receptor that binds vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent mediator of endothelial permeability, chemotaxis, and proliferation. In vitro, Npn-1 can complex with VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) to enhance VEGFR2-mediated endothelial cell chemotaxis and proliferation. To determine the role of Npn-1/VEGFR2 complexes in VEGF-induced endothelial barrier d...

To investigate the possible role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors in the human corpus luteum (CL), expression of VEGF and its receptors, the fms-like tyrosine kinase and the kinase insert domain-containing region (KDR), was analyzed in the CL during the menstrual cycle and in early pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry revealed that VEGF was localized in luteal cells and...