We interpret lattice data for the equation of state of pure gauge SU(3)c by an evaporation model. At low temperatures gluons are frozen inside the gluon condensate, whose dynamics is described in terms of a dilaton lagrangian. Above the critical temperature quasifree gluons evaporate from the condensate: a first order transition is obtained by minimizing the thermodynamical potential of the sys...

Stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in microbes have been shown to be functions of the corresponding isotope ratios of the water with which the culture medium was prepared, and thus to contain a potential geographic signal. Water can evaporate from agar (solid) media during culturing, changing its isotope ratios. Here we describe the effect of drying on the isotope ratios of water extr...

Laser ablation in liquids is now commonly used to produce colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) that have found numerous applications in different areas. In experiments, NPs of different materials can be rather easily obtained by using laser systems with various pulse durations, shapes, wavelengths, and fluences. In this paper, we focus our attention on metal (gold) NPs produced by ultra-short laser pu...

This paper discusses a contribution to software and system engineering for smart grids, which comprises multi-agent application domain modeling and delegate multi-agent systems. In this contribution, domain models are software components – agents offering executable services – that become part of the multiagent software as it will be deployed. These domain models crystalize relevant power engin...

In general, thermodynamics is the study of laws governing processes which involve heat changes. It includes the study of conditions under which various substances exist in chemical equilibria, the consequences of chemical reactions and the interchange of heat and other forms of energy when a chemical re action occurs. In the field of nuclear technology, it is necessary to know how construction ...

Cluster ions, CaN and Ca 2þ N , containing up to N = 8 atoms are studied within density functional theory. Ground and first excited states, and ionization energies are reported for all sizes. At zero temperature Ca2þ 3 and Ca 2þ 4 are linear, whereas Ca 2þ 5 through Ca 2þ 7 undergo structural transitions from 3D-configurations into linear ions below 600 K. As a consequence, fission that occurs ...

The drying or dehydration is the controlled heating of food products to evaporate quantified amount of moisture that is originally present in it. Drying of food products is essential to enhance the shelf life of the product without quality losses over an extended period of time. It is an energy intensive process. The fluidized bed dryer with heat pump is one of the efficient method to reduce th...

This thesis is a review of black hole evaporation with emphasis on recent results obtained for two dimensional black holes. First, the geometry of the most general stationary black hole in four dimensions is described and some classical quantities are defined. Then, a derivation of the spectrum of the radiation emitted during the evaporation is presented. In section four, a two dimensional mode...

1. The size of large droplets produced during respiratory activities such as coughing can be larger than 50-100 μm. These droplets tend to evaporate quickly and contribute to both airborne and droplet transmission of disease. 2. Large droplets from respiratory act ivi t ies can travel up to 1.5 m, which agrees well with the established range of infection due to droplet transmission. The distanc...

One of the plausible unification schemes in physics considers the observable universe to be a 4dimensional surface (the “brane”) embedded in a higher-dimensional curved spacetime (the “bulk”). In such braneworld gravity models with infinitely large extra dimensions, black holes evaporate through the emission of the additional gravitational degrees of freedom, resulting in lifetimes of stellar-m...