cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. cancer vaccines induce pe...

Background Recent studies revealed that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a decisive role in the regulation of tumor progression by manipulating tumor oncogenesis, angiogenesis and immune functions within tumor microenvironments. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which is a point of convergence for numerous oncogenic signalling pathways, is constitutively activ...

a desmoplastic small round cell tumor is a malignant tumor of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. this tumor involves serosal surfaces such as the peritoneum, pleura, and scrotum. in this case report a 28-year old male presented with a desmoplastic small round cell tumor located in the abdomen along with urological symptoms. when the diagnosis was completed, the patient’s tumor had metastasized ...

Cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. Several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. Cancer vaccines induce pe...

Granular cell tumor is a rare benign non-encapsulated tumor that mostly presents in oral cavity. Breast localization is uncommon and occurs in about one per 1000 cases of breast cancers. It mainly affects premenopausal women showing the possible role of estrogen and progesterone levels in the progression of this tumor. Granular cell tumor is a great emulator of the invasive ductal carcinoma of ...

MAIN FINDINGS A 25-year-old hypertensive female patient was referred to our institution. Initial workup exams demonstrated a 2.8 cm cortical lower pole tumor in the right kidney. She underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy without complications. Histopathologic examination revealed a rare juxtaglomerular cell tumor known as reninoma. After surgery, she recovered uneventfully and all medicati...

During the past 10 years, we have found renin-secreting renal juxtaglomerular cell tumors in three hypertensive patients (two women, one man, aged 22, 69, and 21 years, respectively). The major chemical and biological findings revealed the association of severe hypertension with hypokalemia and increased plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone. The diagnosis of such tumors is difficult, an...

Kidney neoplasms are common diseases with varying prognoses depending on the subtype of the tumor. The most common solid lesion of the kidney is renal cell carcinoma, and the treatment is typically surgical removal. With increasing use of cross-sectional imaging in the last two decades, the detection of renal lesions has significantly increased, especially in asymptomatic patients who are scann...