A recent breakthrough experiment by Ogawa et al. (2009) showed that Mesoscale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs), a common phenomenon at midlatitudes, originate in the auroral zone as gravity waves. Curiously, however, the latter do not seem to be related to magnetic activity. These atmospheric waves are common at high latitudes (Bristow and Greenwald, 1996; Bristow et al., 1996), and ...

Irreversibility of spontaneous macroscopic dynamics and its asymmetry with respect to the sign reversal of the variable t is usually interpreted as a genuine property of complex isolated systems. Discussion of the kinetics involved in Joule's experiment concerning spontaneous expansion of a gas shows that the isolation hypothesis results from ambiguous definitions of a number of keywords. Where...

We have observed back-bending structures at high bias current in the current-voltage curves of intrinsic Josephson junctions. These structures may be caused by nonequilibrium quasiparticle injection and/or Joule heating. The energy gap suppression varies considerably with temperature. Different levels of the suppression are observed when the same level of current passes through top electrodes o...

We study pull-in instabilities in a functionally graded microelectromechanical system (MEMS) due to the heat produced by the electric current. Material properties of two-phase MEMS are assumed to vary continuously in the thickness direction. It is shown that the pull-in voltage strongly depends upon the variation through the thickness of the volume fractions of the two constituents. It is proba...

We investigate energy fluxes and small, kilometrescale Birkeland currents in the magnetospheric cusp at a 1– 3 Earth radii altitude and in the ionosphere using satellites when they were, according to the Tsyganenko model, in magnetic conjunction within 50–60 km and up to 15 min apart. We use Cluster and CHAMP satellites, and study three conjunction events that occurred in 2008 and 2009, when th...

The authors research by experiments to define the potency of wounding of a special mouse trap which belongs to the spring-guns. Besides the regular assigned 9 mm blank cartridge also the 9 x 17 mm "green" cattle stunning cartridge is tested. Shots were made on soap, cotton and skin on different conditions. As result the authors found that by close range shots (up to 1 cm) by the blank cartridge...

We examine the changes in kinetic energy dissipation of a turbulent channel flow caused by a spanwise magnetic field. The numerical study is based on our simulation data from [1] obtained by direct and large eddy simulations. We find that the Joule dissipation can exceed the viscous dissipation in the weakly dissipative bulk region, but remains comparatively small in the turbulence-generating n...

In this paper we introduce a new model for solid-liquid phase transitions triggered by Joule heating as they arise in the case of resistance welding of metal parts. The main novelties of the paper are the coupling of the thermistor problem with a phase field model and the consideration of phase dependent physical parameters through a mixture ansatz. The PDE system resulting from our modelling a...

We have obtained 3.3–3.4-lm spectro-images of Jupiter including CH4 and H3 emission lines from both polar regions at the Gemini North telescope. We find that the peak of the 3-lm CH4 northern bright spot is located at 200 (SysIII) longitude, 20 west of the center of the 8-lm north-polar bright spot, and does not coincide with the 3-lm H3 bright spot. We derive high temperatures (500–850 K) from...

where σ is the stress tensor, ǫ = 12 (∇u +∇u) T is the strain tensor, f is a body force per unit mass (gravity is a typical example), qT is a volume source (it may model chemical reactions, Joule effects, radioactive decay, etc.), and jT is the heat flux. In addition to the above three fundamental conservation equations, one may also have to add L equations that accounts for the conservation of...