Purpose: In post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), inflammation plays a central role in which macrophages the synovium are classically activated to M1-like state and secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines. The ensuing chronic loop of self-perpetuating tissue damage macrophage activation ultimately exacerbates cartilage degradation joint degeneration. When polarized an anti-inflammatory M2-like pheno...

Background. Angiogenesis is involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leading to leucocyte recruitment and inflammation in the synovium. Furthermore, synovial inflammation itself further potentiates endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the reciprocical relationship between synovial inflammation and angiogenesis in a RA model, namely collagen-induced arth...

0steoarthritis (OA) is a slowly-progressive degenerative joint disease characterized by a loss of joint cartilage and the subsequent exposure of subchondral bone (1). This eventually results in a self-perpetuating insidious disorder characterized by joint pain. New bone formation occurs in response to the chronic inflammation, and local tissue damage in an attempt to limit both movement and pai...

The selectins, along with very late antigen-4 and CD44, have been implicated in mediating leukocyte rolling interactions that lead to joint recruitment and inflammation during the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Previously, we showed that P-selectin deficiency in mice resulted in accelerated onset of joint inflammation in the murine collagen-immunized arthritis model. Here, we report that...

BACKGROUND Active vitamin D metabolites have been shown to have protective effects in experimental arthritis especially when used as preventive treatment. However, because the direct effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH) 2D3) on bone formation and resorption are very complex, the net effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on histomorphometric parameters of bone turnover and mineralisation should be inve...

Background and Objective: Monoarthritis is the inflammation of a single joint. There is limited data on the etiology of monorthritis in Iran. This study was aimed to evaluate epidemiologic charecteristics of the patients with monorthritis in Kashan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 227 patients with monorthritis referred to the rheumatology clinic of Kas...

BACKGROUND Estrogen is known to play role in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders and estrogen effects can be mediated by estrogen receptor (ER) alpha present in the TMJ. Cells expressing the estrogen receptor ERalpha are present in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) but changes in expression due to estrogen and inflammation have not been characterized. In this study, ERalpha protein content ...

INTRODUCTION The translational and predictive value of animal models highly depends on the validity of respective readout parameters. In arthritis research, there has been a shift from sole threshold testing for pain-related behavior, as well as from swelling and histology assessment for inflammation, toward an analysis of joint function as indicated, for instance, by an increasing number of st...