To evaluate possible fibrogenic effects of CYP2E1-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species, a model was developed using co-cultures of HepG2 cells, which do (E47 cells) or do not (C34 cells) express cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) with stellate cells. There was an increase in intra- and extracellular H(2)O(2), lipid peroxidation, and collagen type I protein in stellate cells co-cultured wit...

The possible involvement of the local angiotensin system in ganglionic functions was investigated in the canine cardiac sympathetic ganglia. Positive chronotropic responses to preganglionic stellate stimulation at high frequencies, after intravenous administration of pentolinium plus atropine, were inhibited by the nonpeptide angiotensin AT(1) receptor antagonist forasartan or the angiotensin I...

The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial demonstrated that antiarrhythmic drugs not only fail to prevent sudden cardiac death, but actually increase overall mortality. These findings have been confirmed in additional trials. The "proarrhythmic" effects of most currently available antiarrhythmic drugs makes it essential that we investigate novel strategies for the prevention of sudden cardiac de...

This article presents a model using cellular resonance and rebound properties to model grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex. The model simulates the intrinsic resonance properties of single layer II stellate cells with different frequencies due to the hyperpolarization activated cation current (h current). The stellate cells generate rebound spikes after a delay interval that differs for neur...

The differing biophysical properties of neurons the axons of which form the different pathways from the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) determine what acoustic information they can convey. T stellate cells, excitatory neurons the axons of which project locally and to the inferior colliculus, and D stellate cells, inhibitory neurons the axons of which project to the ipsi- and contralateral cochle...

BACKGROUND There is positive correlation between the number of activated hepatic stellate cells and necroinflammatory activity and/or the stage of liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis. No study has investigated such a relationship with regard to the activated hepatic cells within specified zones of liver tissue in chronic C hepatitis. The aim of the present study was to correlate the level of acti...

During hepatic wound healing, activation of key effectors of the wounding response known as stellate cells leads to a multitude of pathological processes, including increased production of endothelin-1 (ET-1). This latter process has been linked to enhanced expression of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1, the enzyme that converts precursor ET-1 to the mature peptide) in activated stellate c...

Mature sympathetic neurons contain one or more neuropeptides in addition to a classical neurotransmitter. We compared the development of two peptides, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), in rat superior cervical (SCG) and stellate ganglia. NPY immunoreactivity (-IR) was first detected at embryonic day (E) 12.5. It was of similar immunofluorescence intensity in almost a...

This study represents a large-scale population genetic analysis of the stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus, in the Caspian Sea. In total, 192 samples of adult stellate sturgeon were collected from four commercial catch stations in the Northern (Volga and Ural Rivers) and Southern Caspian Sea (estuary of Sefidrud and Gorganrod Rivers-Iran). Fifteen sets of microsatellite primers developed fro...

This study represents a large-scale population genetic analysis of the stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus, in the Caspian Sea. In total, 192 samples of adult stellate sturgeon were collected from four commercial catch stations in the Northern (Volga and Ural Rivers) and Southern Caspian Sea (estuary of Sefidrud and Gorganrod Rivers-Iran). Fifteen sets of microsatellite primers developed fro...