the causation (tasbib) is a ground of liability in law which leads to compensation of damages in civil law and punishment in criminal law. as causation being discussed in both civil law and criminal law separately, it is generally perceived that the causation in civil law is different from that of criminal law. by reviewing the roots and conditions of causation, it becomes clear that the nature...

nuclear facilities, though have large advantages for human being, they also creates heavy hazards. thus, the question of civil liability resulted from events of mentioned facilities are so significant. this paper studies the question of the basis and the responsible for compensation resulted from aforementioned events in international instruments, iran and french law. outcome of this study show...

the problem of protecting the people injured by engine-driven means of transportation has been taken into consideration from 19th century and public rules and principles for protecting the people injured by enginedrivenmeans of transportation in different countries is not recognized as sufficient; because most of the legal systems arebased on fault and it is a difficult job to prove that fault....

nowadays the environmental civil liability regime has wake fundaments. this article attempts to analysis the new evolutions in the fundaments of environmental civil liability theories in islamic jurisprudence and environmental law .so this paper is divided in tow sections and one introduction. part i study contemporary legal approaches in environmental civil liability and part ii explain and de...

based on a general rule in civil liability, external causes limits or excludes the liability of defendant. however, the question is that whether it is possible to applied the general rule when there are compulsory liability insurances? this paper is intended to study the subject-matter regarding traffic accidents (as one of the anticipated cases of compulsory insurances) in iranian and french l...