A common feature of the five faiths discussed in this article is change over time. This allowed diversity within the religions, and generally led to a degree of liberalization, but in some faiths or their sects, resulted in a narrow or rigid interpretation. For example, the golden Vedic Period of Hinduism in India when "women were worshipped" gradually faded, ushering in the social evils of fem...

High fertility and low market returns to schooling are predicted by a clubgood model of religious sects. We investigate fertility and returns to education among families of graduates of Muslim religious schools in Indonesia, Bangladesh, India, Cote D’Ivoire, and Pakistan. Fertility is significantly higher among these families in all five countries. Returns to education are generally lower among...

Two experiments with Middle Eastern participants explored the generalizability of prior research on religious priming and moral behavior to a novel cultural and religious context. Participants in Experiment 1 completed a sentence unscrambling task with religious or non-religious content (in Arabic) before taking an unsupervised math test on which cheating was possible and incentivized. No diffe...

Religion, at least in the practice history, even as concept understood by some of adherents has power uniting and disuniting. Even so, conceptually proven most its historical practices, harmony Islam is emphasized both internally among Muslims between with other religions. Among Muslims, can be seen from ikhtilâf ukhuwwah Islâmiyyah, while religions freedom religion pluralism basis. From view Q...

The notion of " Islamic finance " was born during the tumultuous identity-politics years of the mid-twentieth century. Indian, Pakistani, and Arab thinkers contemplated independence from Britain, and independence of Pakistan from India, within a context of " Islamic society. " Islam was assumed to inspire political, economic, and financial systems that are distinctive and independent of the Wes...

In the past, English was considered language of non-Islamic religions but now is believed to be for international communication academic and 'dakwah' purposes. However, students Islamic universities institutes may have various purposes learning English. This because young scholars not seen real need study outside campus this introduced by their teachers when they at high schools. aimed describi...

In contrast with tribal and archaic religions, world religions are characterized by a unique emphasis on extended prosociality, restricted sociosexuality, delayed gratification and the belief that these specific behaviours are sanctioned by some kind of supernatural justice. Here, we draw on recent advances in life history theory to explain this pattern of seemingly unrelated features. Life his...

This article recognises the potential importance of Islamic finance products in Australia, along with the current regulatory impediments preventing Australia from becoming a leader in the Asia-Pacific Islamic finance market. Taking into account the potential importance of, and impediments to, Islamic finance, this article highlights, through the historical development and contemporary state of ...

This article formulates a model of Islamic science, medicine, and bioethics, part of the ongoing inner-Islamic discourse on the positioning of Islam vis-a-vis the life sciences and bioethics as developed within a non-Islamic context. It investigates the Islam-and-science paradigm considering the Islamic categorization of the sciences, provides a working definition of Islamic science including m...