Inventory planning results are less reliable when the statistical problem of supply chain risk factors is not considered. In conjunction with measurement model, a cross-border e-commerce cold inventory method proposed to effectively address aforementioned issues. This paper aims define fundamental elements network, determine chain's imbalance range, and develop model also calculate ordering cos...

inventory control is one of the most important issues in supply chain management. in this paper, a three-echelon production, distribution, inventory system composed of one producer, a set of wholesalers and retailers is considered. costumers' demands can be approximated by a normal distribution and the inventory policy is a kind of continuous review (r, q). in this paper, a model based on ...

In many markets consumers incur search costs and firms choose a long-run pricing strategy that determines how they respond to market conditions. A pricing strategy may involve commitments to take actions that do not optimize short-term revenue given the information the firm learns about demand. For example, as already suggested in the literature, the firm could commit to a single price no matte...

In this article we propose, for any > 0, a 2(1 + )-approximation algorithm for a facility location problem with stochastic demands. This problem can be described as follows. There are a number of locations, where facilities may be opened and a number of demand points, where requests for items arise at random. The requests are sent to open facilities. At the open facilities, inventory is kept su...