to evaluate the interfacial morphology and the bond strength produced by the three-step, two-step and single-step bonding systems in primary teeth.occlusal surfaces of 72 extracted human deciduous teeth were ground to expose the dentin. the teeth were divided into four groups: (a) scotchbond multipurpose (3m, espe), (b) adh se (vivadent), (d) optibond all-in-one (kerr) and (e)futurabond nr (voc...

background and aims. various methods are used to measure the size and form of the teeth, including the golden proportion, and the width-to-length ratio of central teeth, referred to as the golden standard. the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of golden standard values and golden proportion in the anterior teeth. materials and methods. photographs of 100 dentistry students (50 ma...

BACKGROUND Knowledge about root canal morphology and its frequent variations can exert considerable influence on the success of endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to survey the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolar teeth in a Gujarati population by decalcification and clearing technique. METHODS One hundred thirty eight extracted mandibular first premolar teeth were ...