Background: The risk of anesthesia increases with age, so it is necessary to choose a safe and effective method. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of intranasal fentanyl with intravenous fentanyl in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Methods: This study was a triple-blind prospective randomized clinical trial (The patient, physician, and data analyzer were unaware of the patient ...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical characteristics of a combination of midazolam and ketamine for procedural sedation and analgesia in adult emergency department (ED) patients. METHODS This was a prospective, observational trial, conducted in the ED of an urban level II trauma center. Patients > or = 18 years of age requiring procedural sedation and analgesia were eligible, and enrolled patie...

OBJECTIVES Laser photocoagulation surgery is a routine treatment for threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, little is known about which anaesthesia protocols provide efficient pain control while minimising exposure risk to vulnerable infants. In this study, therefore, we assessed the efficacy and tolerability of multiple anaesthesia techniques used on premature infants during lase...

OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of oral midazolam alone with a combination of oral midazolam and ketamine in children requiring laceration repair. DESIGN A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. SETTING Paediatric emergency department. PARTICIPANTS Children 1-10 years of age with lacerations requiring sedation. INTERVENTIONS Using a computer-generated sequence, children ...

This study attempted to determine if sevoflurane in oxygen inhaled via a nasal hood as a sole sedative agent would provide an appropriate level of deep sedation for outpatient third molar surgery. Twenty-four patients scheduled for third molar removal were randomly assigned to receive either nasal hood inhalation sevoflurane or an intravenous deep sedation using midazolam and fentanyl followed ...

The impact of intravenous (I/V) diazepam sedation on arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and patient tolerance was studied in 100 patients in the age group of (27-60) years, who were subjected to esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for different indications. Equal number of patients in the same age group, who did not receive the sedation acted as controls. It was observed that SaO(2) showed a tran...

In pediatric dentistry, chloral hydrate is habitually selected for sedation of uncooperative children. Although chloral hydrate has been used for decades, various adverse effects are reported and necessity for new alternative drugs has increased. Dexmedetomidine was approved by FDA for sedation at intensive care units (ICU) in 1999. Compared to conventional sedative drugs, dexmedetomidine has n...

OBJECTIVE Aeromedical retrieval services face the difficult problem of appropriate levels of sedation for transport of acutely agitated patients to definitive care. This paper describes a technique using ketamine, which is titratable and avoids problems associated with airway management. METHOD A 3-year review of a new technique of ketamine sedation by aeromedical retrieval teams from the Cai...

how to cite this article: ashrafimr, azizi malamiri r, zamani gr, mohammadi m, hosseini f. sleep inducing for eeg recording in children: a comparison between oral midazolam and chloral hydrate. iran j child neurol. 2013 winter;7(1):15-19. objective electroencephalography (eeg) recording is a long duration procedure that needs patient’s cooperation for device setup and performing the procedure. ...

This randomised, double-blind study compared dexmedetomidine and midazolam for intravenous sedation during third molar surgery under local anaesthesia. Sixty patients received either dexmedetomidine (up to 1 microg x kg(-1)) or midazolam (up to 5 mg), which was infused until the Ramsay Sedation Score was four or the maximum dose limit was reached. Intra-operative vital signs, postoperative pain...