In 18 students and two members of staff at a boys' boarding school, the time taken to pass 20 out of 25 radiopaque pellets varied from one to seven days while the subjects were eating a normal English diet. After the additon of bran, about 20 g daily, to this diet transit time fell from 2-75 plus or minus 1-6 to 2-0 plus or minus 0-9 days (P smaller than 0-025). Transit became faster in all nin...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastrointestinal motility is regulated by enteric neural circuitry that includes enteric neurons and glia. Enteric glia monitor synaptic activity and exhibit responses to neurotransmitters that are encoded by intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signaling. What role evoked glial responses play in the neural regulation of gut motility is unknown. We tested how evoking Ca2+ signaling in...

The effect of olsalazine on stool output and the transit of a solid radiolabelled meal through the stomach, small intestine and colon was studied in six patients with ulcerative colitis intolerant of sulphasalazine. Olsalazine 250 mg four times daily significantly accelerated gastric emptying (mean +/- SD; 45.3 +/- 24.2 min v 67.3 +/- 33.1 min, p less than 0.05), mouth to caecum transit time (2...

In this thesis, two pharmacokinetic models are evaluated with respect to their capacity to quantify gastric emptying and small intestinal transit in dogs. The experiments are based on the double marker technique, which uses two drug substances (paracetamol and sulfasalazine) that are absorbed in the duodenum and the colon, respectively. A standard model is compared to a more sophisticated trans...

BACKGROUND Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae), a widely growing shrub which is toxic to some animal species, has been used in the traditional medicine for treating many ailments. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimotility effects of Lantana camara leaf constituents in mice intestine. METHODS Evaluation of antimotility activity was done in intestine of mice treated with Lan...

BACKGROUND Data on small intestinal transit time in healthy children are lacking, and normal values for gastric emptying and colonic transit time are sparse. Conventional methods, including radiopaque markers, scintigraphy, and PillCam™ involve radiation or require the child to swallow a large pill. The minimally invasive, radiation-free Motility Tracking System-1 (MTS-1) has been introduced fo...

This study was aimed at finding the effect of palm oil diets on the small intestinal motor activity and transit in rats. Adult albino Wistar rats were divided into three groups of ten rats each. The first group was fed on rat chow containing 15% (wt/wt) of fresh palm oil diets for fifteen weeks. The second was fed on rat chow containing 15% (wt/wt) thermally oxidized diet while the third group ...

The prevalence and severity of irritable bowel symptoms was assessed by systematic questioning in 44 constipated volunteers, most of whom had documented slow intestinal transit. All but two had one or more of the following: passage of mucus, rectal dissatisfaction, bloating, and abdominal pain relieved by defecation. All the symptoms were more prevalent than in 17 normal volunteers or in 301 ap...

Bacillus subtilis spores have been used as safe and heat-resistant antigen delivery vectors. Nonetheless, the oral administration of spores typically induces weak immune responses to the passenger antigens, which may be attributed to the fast transit through the gastrointestinal tract. To overcome this limitation, we have developed B. subtilis spores capable of binding to the gut epithelium by ...

Methods The ethyl acetate extract of Pedalium murex L., (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to three groups of rats (five animals per group) in order to evaluate the activity of the extract against castor oil-induced diarrhea model in rat. Two other groups received normal saline (5mg/kg) and loperamide (5mg/kg) as positive control. The effect of the extract on intesti...