CONCLUSION Using data from PRICENTRICTM, we collected net and list ex-factory prices for Avastin, Caprelsa and Vidaza across EU-28. Countries that do not use formal IRP as a price setting mechanism were excluded from the analysis, countries that consider price reviews were included. In the case of Germany, the negotiated AMNOG price minus mandatory rebates was used, for Italy the AIFA price and...

In public health systems, priority setting in health research determines resource allocation to produce evidence and proposals aimed at solving the population's health problems. In Cuba, the Science and Technical Division (S&T) of the Ministry of Public Health (MINSAP) leads this process, based on the country's health policy framework and consistent with optimal use of resources. To set health ...

Due to decaying fossil resource and increasing environmental consciousness, the demand of renewable energy resources is escalating these days. Photovoltaic solar energy is one of the most popular renewable energy resources in places where sunlight is abundant. The selection of a desirable location for constructing a photovoltaic solar plant is the first and one of the most important stages in t...

Purpose Effective cost performance is a crucial criterion measuring successful project management in public-housing projects. This paper aims to analyse the vital underlying factors surrounding process (CMP) outcomes public housing projects (PHPs). Design/methodology/approach The research was conducted three stages. first stage consisted of detailed literature review document success affecting ...

In this paper, we propose a novel ranking framework – Co-Feedback Ranking (CoFRank), which allows two base rankers to supervise each other during the ranking process by providing their own ranking results as feedback to the other parties so as to boost the ranking performance. The mutual ranking refinement process continues until the two base rankers cannot learn from each other any more. The o...

Setiap perusahaan selalu berusaha dapat memperoleh keuntungan yang besar. Salah satu cara dilakukan oleh adalah menekan biaya dikeluarkan. proses memerlukan besar logistik dan dua per tiga ini berasal dari persediaan transportasi. Permasalahan transportasi pada perspektif supply chain perlu dipertimbangkan bersama agar memberikan hasil optimal. dimodelkan dalam inventory routing problem (IRP). ...

Interpretive biases play a crucial role in anxiety disorders. The aim of the current study was to examine factors that determine the relative strength of threat-related interpretive biases that are characteristic of individuals high in social anxiety. Different (dual process) models argue that both implicit and explicit processes determine information processing biases and behavior, and that th...

In 1987 the State of Wisconsin, in authorizing a state lottery, required the Wisconsin Lottery Board to contract with IRP to undertake a study of the impact of the lottery on Wisconsin residents of various income levels. Titled "Who Plays the Lottery? A Comparison of Patterns in Wisconsin and the Nation," the study was carried out by Irving Piliavin and Michael Polakowski and is available as IR...