the main concern of this study was communication strategies (css) which are used to compensate for communication breakdown. the goals of this study were to examine whether proficiency level of iranian students had any relationship with their choice of css. this research was descriptive in nature. the participants were 15 pre-intermediate and 14 intermediate efl learners between 16 to 21years ol...

introduction: the importance of medical profession and the role of the physician in society is no secret to anyone. skills and competencies in clinical practice are necessary for the medical profession. in fact, in patient care, doctors require practical skills in addition to scientific knowledge. this study examines the potentials of medical school students in three areas of doing the right th...

Directed motivational current (DMC) ̶ as a novel strand in L2 motivational field ̶ is a robust motivational drive fueled by a highly valued goal and capable of stimulating and sustaining long-term behavior. The present study explored English as a foreign language students’ Directed Motivational Currents by validating the dynamic web-based Persian version of the scale, finding the most crucial mot...

OBJECTIVE To see the association of age at menarche with adult height in girls living in Gorgan--North of Iran. METHODS This study included 100 female university students (aged 18-21 years) born between 1985-1988 and 200 intermediate school students (aged 12-15 years) born between 1992-1994. Age at menarche and its association with height were studied. Data was analyzed by SPSS v11.5 software...

Abstract This study examined the effect of two types of feedback, post-text as a written feedback and recast as an oral one on written grammatical accuracy of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To this end, 45 intermediate students who were studying at Ideal Language Institute in Sari were selected based on their performance on the Nelson proficiency test, and then divided into three groups (tw...