In this study, the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm, which consists of a combination artificial neural networks and reinforcement learning, was applied to Vertical Takeoff Landing (VTOL) system model in order control pitch angle. This algorithm selected because conventional algorithms such as Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers cannot always generate suitable s...

‎the subject of this paper is the solution of the fredholm integral equation with toeplitz, hankel and the toeplitz plus hankel kernel. the mean value theorem for integrals is applied and then extended for solving high dimensional problems and finally, some example and graph of error function are presented to show the ability and simplicity of the ‎method.

the aim of this work is to investigate the variational discretization and mixed finite element methods for optimal control problem governed by semi linear parabolic equations with integral constraint. the state and co-state are approximated by the lowest order raviart-thomas mixed finite element spaces and the control is not discreted. optimal error estimates in l2 are established for the state...

Nowadays in the complicated systems, design of proper and implementable controller has a most importance. With respect to ability of fractional order systems in complicated systems identification as a first order fractional system with time delay, usage of fractional order PID has a proper result. From one side flexibility of fractional calculus than integer order has been topics of interest to...

In this study we model the daily rainfall occurrence using Markov Chain Analogue Yearmodel (MCAYM) and the intensity or amount of daily rainfall using three different probability distributions; gamma, exponential and mixed exponential distributions. Combining the occurrence and intensity model we obtain Markov Chain Analogue Year gamma model (MCAYGM), Markov Chain Analogue Year exponentia...

objective: recently, a wide variation has been reported in delivery of the target torque by spring-style mechanical torque limiting devices (mtlds) but the effect of aging on their accuracy has not been independently evaluated. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aging on the accuracy of spring-style mtlds. methods: in this in-vitro experimental study, 15 new spring-style m...

In this article‎, ‎a new scheme inspired from collocation method is‎ ‎presented for numerical solution of stiff initial-value problems and Fredholm integral equations of the first kind based on the derivatives of residual function‎. ‎Then‎, ‎the error analysis‎ ‎of this method is investigated by presenting an error bound‎. ‎Numerical comparisons indicate that the‎ ‎presented method yields accur...

In this paper, we apply Legendre wavelet collocation method to obtain the approximate solution of nonlinear Stratonovich Volterra integral equations. The main advantage of this method is that Legendre wavelet has orthogonality property and therefore coefficients of expansion are easily calculated. By using this method, the solution of nonlinear Stratonovich Volterra integral equation reduces to...

In this paper we find a characterization type result for (η1,η2)-convex functions. The Fejér integral inequality related to (η1,η2)-convex functions is obtained as a generalization of Fejér inequality related to the preinvex and η-convex functions. Also some Fejér trapezoid and midpoint type inequalities are given in the case that the absolute value of the derivative of considered function is (...

in this paper‎, ‎first we propose a new method to approximate the solution of two-dimensional linear fuzzy fredholm integral equations of the second kind based on the fuzzy wavelet like operator‎. ‎then‎, ‎we discuss and investigate the convergence and error analysis of the proposed method‎. ‎finally‎, ‎to show the accuracy of the proposed method‎, ‎we present two numerical ‎examples.‎