Philosophers of science and metascientists alike typically model scientists’ behavior as driven by credit maximization. In this article I argue that modeling assumption cannot account for how scientists have a default level trust in each other’s assertions. The normative implication is policy should not focus solely on incentive reform.

objective: dental profession is associated with a high level of stress experienced by clinicians in private practice as well as students and instructors in dental school environment. the purpose of this study was to detect the main stressors in dental students of school of dentistry, babol university of medical sciences in 2011-2012.   methods: in this descriptive, analytical study, data were c...

Biological curation, or biocuration, is often studied from the perspective of creating and maintaining databases that have the goal of mapping and tracking certain areas of biology. However, much biocuration is, in fact, dedicated to finite and time-limited projects in which insufficient resources demand trade-offs. This typically more ephemeral type of curation is nonetheless of importance in ...

We have tabulated retrieval effectiveness claims from a large number of information retrieval research papers from 1998–2008, a period that has seen many innovations. The results of our analysis are not encouraging. Over this period, although a great many papers claimed significant effectiveness improvements, there has been no overall gain in absolute retrieval effectiveness on TREC ad hoc coll...