tenderness is the single most important factor influencing consumer acceptance of meat. the calpain proteolytic system is known to be responsible for the post-mortem tenderization of meat. the purpose of this study was to determine and compare the tensile strength and total calpain activities in different muscles of camel, cattle, sheep and goat. in camels, the effect of age and sex of animal w...

introduction: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with a neutral fluoride agent on shear bond strength (sbs) and microleakage of orthodontic brackets, and to investigate any significant relationship between sbs and microleakage. methods: forty intact premolars were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups. group 1 served as the control, while group 2 underwent treatment w...

background and aims. it is important to evaluate the effects of endodontic materials on tooth structures to avoid endodontic treatment failure. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of mineral trioxide aggregates (mta) and portland cement (pc) on fracture resistance of dentin. materials and methods. thirty-six freshly extracted human single-rooted premolar teeth were select...

background and aims. in contrast to prepared natural dentin abutments, little is known concerning factors influencing the retention of fixed prostheses cemented to implant abutments. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of implant abutment height on the retention of single castings cemented to wide and narrow platform implant abutments. materials and methods. thirty-six parallel-...

objective: preservation of unsupported occlusal enamel after removal of underlying carious dentin may result in maintenance of aesthetics as well as wear resistance against the opposing enamel. this study investigates the influence of different restorative materials and bonding agents on reinforcement of unsupported enamel in molars and compares it with sound dentin. materials and methods: in t...

o bjectives: bond strength of composite resin to enamel and dentin of primary teeth is lower than that to permanent teeth; therefore, it may compromise the ad- hesive bonding. new methods, such as laser application have been recently intro- duced for tooth preparation. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tooth preparation with bur and er:yag laser on shear bond strength of c...

introduction: the aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of hand and rotary instruments on fracture strength of tooth roots. materials & methods: thirty two teeth were randomly divided into two experimental groups of 15 each and one negative control group with two samples. in group 1, step-back technique with conventional stainless steel k-files was used, and in group 2, instrumen...

objective: considering the use of triple antibiotic paste (tap) for root canal treatment of open apex teeth, this study aimed to assess the effect of tap and calcium hydroxide (ch) on bond strength of composite to dentin.   methods: this in-vitro study was conducted on 32 extracted human premolar teeth. after disinfection with 2% thymol solution, the enamel on the buccal surface of specimens wa...

Background and aims. It is important to evaluate the effects of endodontic materials on tooth structures to avoid endodontic treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) and Portland cement (PC) on fracture resistance of dentin. Materials and methods. Thirty-six freshly extracted human single-rooted premolar teeth were select...