Acute heart failure (AHF) emerges as a major and growing epidemiological concern with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current therapies in patients with acute heart failure rely on different strategies. Patients with hypotension, hypoperfusion, or shock require inotropic support, whereas diuretics and vasodilators are recommended in patients with systemic or pulmonary congestion. Traditiona...

The new inotropic agent pren lte 01 was admini te in a canine model of acute ischemic heart failure d int and in venously patients witn severe chronic heart failure. Experimental heart failure in anesthetized dogs was induced by two vessel coronary artery constriction and intravenous prenalterol (0.005-15 ug/kg/min) was compared to dobutamine (0.001-30 ug/kg/min) and saline. Significant dose-de...

Ethanolic extract of fresh leaves of M. koenigii (MKEE) showed a dose dependent positive inotropic effect on isolated frog heart. The responses to MKEE (62.5-1000 microg) were not affected in either way by theophylline, imidazole, propranolol and sildenafil. The change in potassium and sodium concentration did not alter MKEE-induced positive inotropic effect. Lignocaine did not alter the respon...

1. An in.situ heart preparation was used to evaluate cardiac performance in the sea raven, Hemitripterus americanus, under physiological inflow and outflow pressure conditions. Winter and summer fish were subjected to an acute 10 °C temperature change from the seasonal ambient value. The maximum cardiac output (Vb) under each temperature condition was determined by altering inflow pressure to t...

compared with inotropic agents, to prevent the development of significant intraventricular gradients and subsequent hemodynamic deterioration. A word of caution should be added—in patients with cardiogenic shock associated with LVOTO, inotropic agents, vasodilators, and diuretic agents, as well as intraaortic balloon counterpulsation may lead to worsening of shock and worse outcomes (4–6). Ball...

Background—Insulin has been shown to exert positive inotropic effects in several in vitro and in vivo models, but signal transduction and substrate dependency remain unclear. We examined inotropic responses and signal transduction mechanisms of insulin in human myocardium. Methods and Results—Experiments were performed in isolated trabeculae from end-stage failing hearts of 58 nondiabetic and 3...

The appropriate determination of adequate tissue perfusion and the best approach to treatment of perceived abnormalities in blood pressure in the neonate remain controversial. There is no consensus regarding the actual definition of hypotension in the neonate or how best to raise perceived low blood pressure. In addition, there is no direct and prospectively collected information available on t...

Objectives: The regulation of cardiac function by catecholamines involves three populations of b-adrenoceptor (b-AR). b and b -AR 1 2 stimulations produce an increase in contractility and b -AR stimulation mediates a negative inotropic effect in human ventricular muscle. 3 Because of the lack of suitable animal models, we have generated transgenic mice with cardiac-specific expression of the hu...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite the view that only β2- as opposed to β1-adrenoceptors (βARs) couple to G(i), some data indicate that the β1AR-evoked inotropic response is also influenced by the inhibition of Gi. Therefore, we wanted to determine if Gi exerts tonic receptor-independent inhibition upon basal adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity in cardiomyocytes. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used the Gs-s...

Systemic hypotension in preterm infants has been related to increased mortality, cerebrovascular lesions, and neurodevelopmental morbidity. Treatment of hypotension with inotropic medications aims at preservation of end organ perfusion and oxygen delivery, especially the brain. The common inotropic medications in preterm infants include dopamine, dobutamine, adrenaline, with adjunctive use of c...