A vast selection of different ozone generator designs is commercially available on today’s market. In large-scale applications, the ground electrode is designed as gas/water tube heat exchanger, which is filled with tubular high-voltage electrodes on the gas processing side. Available constructions differ in diameter, length and arrangement of the tubular electrodes, type and support of the die...

The introduction of brilliant free-electron lasers enables new pump-probe experiments to characterize warm dense matter states. For instance, a short-pulse optical laser irradiates a liquid hydrogen jet that is subsequently probed with brilliant soft x-ray radiation. The strongly inhomogeneous plasma prepared by the optical laser is characterized with particle-in-cell simulations. The interacti...

Low frequency, relativistic sub-cycle localised (soliton-like) concentrations of the electromagnetic (em) energy are found in two-dimensional (2D) and in three-dimensional (3D) Particle in Cell simulations of the interaction of ultra-short, high-intensity laser pulses with homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas. These solitons consist of electron and ion density depressions and intense em field ...

Abstract The Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs (LGH) equation explains the ocean engineering models, superconductivity and drift cyclotron waves in radially inhomogeneous plasma for coherent ion-cyclotron waves. In this paper, with a simple modification of Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) formalism, integrability LGH is proved by deriving Lax pair. Hence that, inverse scattering transformation (IST) appli...

Generation of wake fields by a short electromagnetic pulse in a plasma with an inhomogeneous background magnetic field and density profile is considered, and a wave equation is derived. Transmission and reflection coefficients are calculated in a medium with sharp discontinuities. Particular attention is focused on examples where the longitudinal part of the electromagnetic field is amplified f...

One of the main applications in plasma physics concerns the energy production through thermo-nuclear fusion. The controlled fusion requires the confinement of the plasma into a bounded domain and for this we appeal to the magnetic confinement. Several models exist for describing the evolution of strongly magnetized plasmas. The subject matter of this paper is to provide a rigorous derivation of...

It is pointed out that electron thermal fluctuations can couple with the ion acoustic mode in an inhomogeneous plasma to generate a low frequency ion time scale electromagnetic wave. This electromagnetic wave can become unstable if the temperature and density gradients are parallel to each other which can be the case in laser-plasmas similar to stellar cores. The comparisons of the present theo...

A three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference timedomain (FDTD) algorithm is developed to study the transformation of an electromagnetic wave by a dynamic (time-varying) inhomogeneous magnetized plasma medium. The current density vector is positioned at the center of the Yee cube to accommodate the anisotropy of the plasma medium due to the presence of a static magnetic field. An appropriate time...

Related Articles The complete set of Casimirs in Hall-magnetohydrodynamics Phys. Plasmas 19, 082513 (2012) Extending magnetohydrodynamics to the slow dynamics of collisionless plasmas Phys. Plasmas 19, 082113 (2012) Three dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of particle acceleration by circularly polarised inertial Alfven waves in a transversely inhomogeneous plasma Phys. Plasmas 19, 082903 ...

The recent finding of the gravitational wave (GW) signal by NANOGrav collaboration in nHZ frequency range has opened up door for existence stochastic GWs. In present work, we have argued that a hot dense neutrino asymmetric plasma, GWs could be generated due to instability caused finite difference number densities different species neutrinos. amplitude and sensitivity observation. We shown this...