e ach year in the United States, burn injuries result in more than 500,000 hospital emergency department visits and approximately 50,000 acute admissions. Most burn injuries are relatively minor, and patients are discharged following outpatient treatment at the initial medical facility. Of the patients who require hospitalization, about 20,000 are admitted directly or by referral to hospitals w...

Patients with severe burn and/or smoke inhalation injury suffer both systemic and pulmonary vascular hyperpermeability. We hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a role in the changes in microvascular permeability seen with this injury. To test the hypothesis, we administered mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG), a selective iNOS inhibitor, to consc...

Burn injuries secondary to home oxygen therapy (HOT) have become increasingly common in recent years, yet several guidelines for HOT and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) neglect to stress the dangers of open flames. This retrospective review of burn injury admissions secondary to HOT to our burn centre from 2007 to 2012 aimed to establish the extent of this problem and to discuss th...

BACKGROUND Home oxygen therapy is a mainstay of treatment for patients with various cardiopulmonary diseases. In spite of warnings against smoking while using home oxygen, many patients sustain burn injuries. OBJECTIVES We aimed to quantify the morbidity and mortality of such patients admitted to our regional burn unit over a 6-year period. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all patien...

We surveyed the epidemiology of the patients in a tertiary burn care centre (the Motahari Burn Hospital) in Tehran in the 4-yr period 2005-2009. Scalding was the major cause of burn injury for patients under the age of 6, while there were many more flame and electrical burns in late childhood. Males were mainly affected (male to female ratio, 1.7:1). Most burns occurred in the summer, probably ...

BACKGROUND Aero-disaster in Nigeria is posing a serious problem to government, the public and relatives of victims, as many lives are lost in a single event. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case study based on an incident at an international airport in Nigeria on December 10, 2005. Detailed autopsy was performed on 97 fully identified bodies out of the 106 victims. Variables considered include ages, ...

BACKGROUND Approximately 5% of combat-related injuries include burns. Previous studies have shown similar mortality rates between military and civilian burn casualties; but causes of death were not detailed. STUDY DESIGN We retrospectively reviewed autopsy reports of patients with burns treated at the US Army Institute of Surgical Research Burn Center from 2004 to 2007. RESULTS Of 1,255 adm...

To know the therapeutic level at one's own institute is important and contributes to improving the treatment of patients. We compared the outcomes of extensively burned patients between a Chinese hospital and a Japanese hospital in order to identify the differences in the clinical treatment of severe burn patients. Thirty-four burn patients who were admitted to the National Defense Medical Coll...

Controversy has continued regarding the practicality and accuracy of the Parkland burn formula since its introduction over 35 years ago. The best guide for adequacy of resuscitation is urine output (UOP) per hour. A retrospective study of patients resuscitated with the Parkland formula was conducted to determine the accuracy (calculated vs. actual volume) based on UOP. A review of burn resuscit...