While instrument myopia is known to occur when microscopes are used, little is known about the accommodation response during microscopy, or about the factors which may alter the magnitude of instrument myopia. In addition, there has been no real-time objective measurement of instrument myopia during the microscopy task. Twenty inexperienced subjects and 10 experienced microscopists (average wor...

An analytical expression for the variance of the radiance measured by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) emission spectrometers exists only in the limit of low noise. Outside this limit, the variance needs to be calculated numerically. In addition, a criterion for low noise is needed to identify properly calibrated radiances and optimize the instrument bandwidth. In this work, the variance and t...

Solar occultation in the infrared, part of the Spectoscopy for Investigation of Characteristics of the Atmosphere of Venus (SPICAV) instrument onboard Venus Express, combines an echelle grating spectrometer with an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). It performs solar occultation measurements in the IR region at high spectral resolution. The wavelength range probed allows a detailed chemical i...

The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) was an extremely successful european space mission that gave us an unparallel view of the Universe in the infrared, and provided us with hundreds of observations of star forming regions and bipolar outflows. Three of the instrument teams, in charge of the infrared camera (CAM) and the two spectrometers at short and long wavelengths (SWS and LWS respectively)...

ARCONS, the Array Camera for Optical to Near-infrared Spectrophotometry, was recently commissioned at the coudé focus of the 200-inch Hale Telescope at the Palomar Observatory. At the heart of this unique instrument is a 1024-pixel Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID), exploiting the Kinetic Inductance effect to measure the energy of the incoming photon to better than several percent. T...

The AVTIS remote sensing instrument is a custom built millimeter wave sensor that has been developed as a practical field tool for remote sensing of volcanic terrain at active lava domes. The portable instrument combines active and passive millimeter wave measurements to record topographic and thermal data in almost all weather conditions from ground-based survey points. We describe how the ins...

Here we describe a new instrument (SpiderMass) designed for in vivo and real-time analysis. In this instrument ion production is performed remotely from the MS instrument and the generated ions are transported in real-time to the MS analyzer. Ion production is promoted by Resonant Infrared Laser Ablation (RIR-LA) based on the highly effective excitation of O-H bonds in water molecules naturally...

During the ALOHA-90 campaign a novel comparative study was made between near infrared wave structure imaged in the zenith using a CCD camera and that detected at infrared wavelengths by a Fourier Transform Spectrometer. Coincident measurements were made briefly on several occasions and for an extended period on 31 March. The temporal variations imaged in the near infrared structure during this ...

The Smithsonian far-infrared spectrometer is a remote sensing Fourier transform spectrometer that measures the midand far-infrared thermal emission spectrum of the stratosphere from balloon and aircraft platforms. The spectrometer has had nine successful balloon flights from 1987 to 1994, flying at float altitudes of 36–39 km and collecting 131 hours of midlatitude stratospheric limb spectra. T...

This investigation was aimed at comparing a new method for measuring faecal fat excretion, carried out with a semi-automated instrument by using near infrared analysis (NIRA), with the traditional titrimetric (Van de Kamer) and gravimetric (Sobel) methods. Near infrared analysis faecal fat was assayed on the three day stool collection from 118 patients (68 chronic pancreatitis, 19 organic disea...