One of the most influential papers in muscle physiology was published by W. O. Fenn (J. Physiol. London 58: 175-203) in 1923. Fenn determined the quantitative relationship between muscle energy liberation and work performance. Despite the importance of this work, the implications of Fenn's observations are sometimes misunderstood. In this review article, Fenn's experiments are reexamined and th...

Subsampling methods have been recently proposed to speed up least squares estimation in large scale settings. However, these algorithms are typically not robust to outliers or corruptions in the observed covariates. The concept of influence that was developed for regression diagnostics can be used to detect such corrupted observations as shown in this paper. This property of influence – for whi...

It is very helpful for a user to get a moderate amount of information highly related to his/her immediate context (e.g., location, time, discussion topics) during the exploration of digital object collections (e.g., articles, web pages, blogs). For instance, in investigating a research topic, a researcher may be very interested in finding articles that are most related to the articles he/she al...

This research presents an analytical model that aims to pinpoint influential posts across a social web comprised of a corpus of posts. The model employs the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm to associate posts with topics, and the TF-IDF metric to identify the key posts associated with each topic. The model was demonstrated in the domain of customer relationship by enabling careful monitori...

In geographically weighted regression, one must determine a window size which will be used to subset the data locally. Typically, a cross-validation procedure is used to determine a globally optimal window size. Preliminary investigations indicate that the global cross-validation score is heavily influenced by a small number of observations in the dataset. At present, the ramifications of this ...

This chapter provides the models and variation of culture. Specifically, the following concepts will be introduced: an understanding of the original of culture and how culture is studies in the academic field; the most influential culture theories which are adapted in business and management research. A detailed exploration on the methodology, dimensions, and implications of each model will be ...

Blogging is a popular activity with high impact on marketing, shaping public opinions, and informing the world about major events from a grassroots point of view. Influential bloggers are recognized by businesses as significant forces for product promotion or demotion, and by oppressive political regimes as serious threats to their power. This paper studies the problem of identifying influentia...

Earth observation has the potential to make significant contributions to policy and society, as we discussed in Chap. 1 of this book. In this chapter, we focus on the function of “Inform” and the medium “Atmospheric” as shown in Table 1.1 in Chap. 1. This role generally corresponds to global scale long-term monitoring by low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. Through such observations, influential s...

This paper studies the link between the main sources of fundamental risk and asset returns by using the common components of a large number of macroeconomic time series variables as factors in a pricing model. A three-factor model with two common components and the market return as factors is found to explain the crosssection of size and book-to-market sorted stock portfolios better than standa...

In this paper a total of 16 variables, which are most influential on surface roughness in grinding, are considered. The variables are classified into three groups depending on their significance and effect on surface roughness. A three-layer fuzzy model is used to correlate these variables to surface roughness using the fuzzy rules generated based on experimental observations and recommendation...