Urinary tract infections pose a serious health threat with respect to antibiotic resistance and high recurrence rates. While the host robustly responds to bacterial infiltration into the bladder, uropathogenic Escherichia coli can survive the onslaught to persist for months after initially infecting. To accomplish this feat, uropathogenic E. coli forms intracellular bacterial communities, with ...

Obesity is associated with increased macrophage infiltration of adipose tissue, and these macrophages may be an important component of the chronic inflammatory response playing a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance. This prompts the question as to how macrophages infiltrate obese adipose tissue. In this issue of the JCI, Weisberg et al. show the importance of C-C motif chemoki...

With the rapid development of agricultural economy, people are paying more and attention to how apply high-efficiency technologies that save resources improve production efficiency, so water-saving irrigation technology has gradually developed. China’s is relatively backward. In addition inappropriate methods systems, problems such as siltation, seepage, frost heave damage in canals have seriou...

The main objective of this article is to present the calibration process of a computer model of a naturally-ventilated house built in southern Brazil. The house was monitored over two seven-day periods by using Hobo data loggers. The EnergyPlus computer program was used to create a computer model for the house; parameters related to air infiltration and natural ventilation were modeled by using...

rejection of the tumors in all 12 animals that was completed within 7 days. These animals exhibited resistance to s.c. reinjection of large doses of cells of the same tumor line initially used, but died with growing tumors and métastases when tumor cells of an antigenically different syngeneic line were injected. Nine of the 12 animals treated by surgical excision of the tumor nodule at Day 14...

This review focuses on the major cellular and structural changes present in the airways and lung parenchyma in asthma in comparison with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in an attempt to underline the possible mechanisms contributing to airflow limitation in these two diseases. Both asthma and COPD are characterized by a thickening of the airway wall and by the presence of an inflam...

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an evident growing disease that affects different cultures throughout the world. T2DM occurs under the influence of three main factors: the genetic background, environmental and behavioral components. Obesity is strongly associated to the development of T2DM in the occident, while in the orient most of the diabetic patients are considered lean. Genetics may be...

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common cause of acute respiratory infections in humans. We evaluated mice as experimental animals for C. pneumoniae. Intranasal inoculation of Swiss Webster mice with C. pneumoniae induced a prolonged course of lung infection, as demonstrated by reisolation of organisms from lungs (at 42 days) and persistence of lung pathology (> 60 days). The lung pathology was charac...

The Metabolic syndrome describes a clustering of typical cardiovascular risk factors. The syndrome is also known as "Insulin Resistance syndrome" as a substantial part of the pathophysiology is driven by resistance to the metabolic effects of insulin. The major cause of insulin resistance in childhood is a typical lipid partitioning pattern characterized by increased deposition of lipids within...