The heart sounds of 20 patients with uinecomiplicated atrial septal defect have been analyzed, and the deviations from a normal control group were noted. Following complete closure of the defect 11 patients have been restudied, and the changes produced in the heart sounds by closure of the defect are discussed. By comparison of pre-operative and postoperative heart sounds and electrocardiograms...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine associations between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and congenital heart defects (CHDs). STUDY DESIGN These analyses included case infants with CHDs (n = 6440) and liveborn control infants without birth defects (n = 5673) enrolled in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997-2004). RESULTS Adjusted odds ratios for all CHDs combi...

UNLABELLED In the last decade, cardiac computed tomography (CT) has gained mainstream acceptance for the noninvasive exclusion of significant coronary disease in a selected population. Improvements in electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered imaging techniques also allow, by extension, a proper evaluation of the complete heart anatomy. Given the increasing worldwide clinical implementation of cardiac ...

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution of age, gender, and the relative frequency of congenital heart defects at the time of the diagnosis in Southern Yemeni children. METHODS This retrospective study focused on echocardiographic findings of 393 symptomatic children affected by congenital heart disease. It was conducted in the Echocardiography Department of a referral hospital for Aden city and ...

Motivated by the inadequacy of nonsurgical therapy in ameliorating congenital cardiac disease, surgical pioneers in the 1940s and 1950s began to develop techniques that would allow for the intracardiac repair of congenital heart disease. The fi rst operation on the open human heart under direct vision—closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) in a 5-year-old girl—was performed at the University ...

Clinical and complementary examination, pathological findings, and outcome were reviewed for 25 heifers diagnosed with ventricular septal defect (VSD). Age at presentation ranged from 36 h to 21 mo. The most common reasons for consultation were chronic respiratory problems (11 cases; 44%) or assessment of heart murmur (5 cases; 20%). A pansystolic murmur on the right thoracic side was audible i...

BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, and tissue perfusion. Recent studies showed that mice deficient in eNOS developed abnormal aortic bicuspid valves. The aim of the present study was to additionally investigate the role of eNOS in heart development. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined postnat...

A VENTRICULAR septal defect either as an isolated malformation or as part of nmany developmental complexes is the most common single developmental lesion of the heart. In an overwhelming percentage of cases, hearts bearing a ventricular septal defect whether or not other conditions are associated have no additional intracardiae lesion that causes obstruction to the normal egress of blood from t...

Eighty one children, comprising 51 with tetralogy of Fallot and 30 children with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) were assessed using the Wechsler intelligence scale for children--revised, and a battery of neuropsychological measures. They were compared with a group of 33 children who had surgery for ventricular septal defect. All children were aged over 10 years when reviewed and were...

A case of progressive pulmonary hypertension in a child with a small ventricular septal defect is presented. Natural history studies have indicated that children with small ventricular septal defects can be followed conservatively. This case represents a contradiction to that rule and suggests that further study must be directed toward defining the etiology of pulmonary hypertension in patients...