introduction: regarding the cross contamina-tion, prevention from infection is of high prior ity. the aim of this research was assessment of knowledge and attitude of dental students toward infection control in endodontics depart ment of faculty of dentistry, babol uni versity of medi cal sciences. materials and methods: the study was accom plished among 8th, 10th and 12th grade dental students...

infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infects young chickens and causes serious lose to the poultry industry, worldwide. previous attempts using purified bacterially expressed ibdv vp2 failed to elicit a protective immune response to the virus. this study was designed to investigate if the initial expressed protein contained neutralizing epitopes but became nonfunctional during purification st...

In this paper, a cellular automaton framework for processing the spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases is presented. The developed environment simulates and visualizes how infectious diseases might spread, and hence provides a powerful instrument for health care organizations to generate disease prevention and contingency plans. In this study, the outbreak of an avian flu like virus was ...

Authors affiliations: 1 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), 17183 Stockholm, Sweden 2 National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), a centre of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG UK 3 MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Diseas...

Stochastic effects may cause "fade-out" of an infectious disease in a population immediately after an epidemic outbreak. We evaluate the epidemic fade-out probability by a WKB method and find that the most probable path to extinction of the disease comes from an instantonlike orbit in the phase space of an underlying Hamiltonian flow.

There are many challenges to quantifying and evaluating the media impact on the control of emerging infectious diseases. We modeled such media impacts using a piecewise smooth function depending on both the case number and its rate of change. The proposed model was then converted into a switching system, with the switching surface determined by a functional relationship between susceptible popu...

Introduction Specific communicable diseases have to be reported by law within a specific time period. In Ohio, prior to 2001, most of these disease reports were on paper reports that were reported from providers to local health departments. In turn the Communicable Disease Nurse mailed the hardcopies to the Ohio Department of Health (ODH). In 2001 the Ohio Disease Reporting System (ODRS) was ro...

I describe a method to estimate a social network topology and diffusion parameters from the time sequence data of an infectious disease outbreak. The method is applicable to a stochastic diffusion process in a meta-population and SIR (Susceptible, Infectious, and Recovered) model over a social network. The method is based on the maximal likelihood estimation from the data on the number of the i...

This technical bulletin is designed to assist the veterinary practitioner in the management of outbreak situations involving canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD). To this end, we have gathered recent opinions and articles from some of the leaders in the veterinary community. Our goal is to provide clinics with general guidelines regarding the handling, diagnosis, and treatment of their ...

Hendra virus infection is an emerging infectious disease that is not well understood. Most cases of Hendra virus infection have occurred in Queensland, with one case in a horse in NSW. Hendra virus infection has a high mortality rate in horses and humans and as cases could occur anywhere in Australia it is important to be ready for prompt action should an outbreak occur in NSW. This paper: revi...