background and purpose: occular toxicity is one of the most important complications of hydroxychloroquine. not any type of treatment has so far been found and recommended for this disorder. the purpose of this study was to report some characteristics of patients with hydroxychloroquine induced retinopathy.    materials and methods: from 107 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and/or systemi...

background: the advancement of technology in recent decades has been lead to use the electrophysiology cardiac devices. although these devices are used increasingly, but the frequency of subclinical infection is unknown. we investigate bacterial infections due to implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icds) in patients with endocarditis. m aterials and methods: population of the study was cons...

abstract purpose-the purpose of this paper is to review a sample of the literature relating to interpretive structural modelling (ism) and its deployment for modelling purposes in the area of supply chain management (scm). design/methodology/approach- the literature is examined from the three perspectives. first, concept of ism and examines ism as modelling technique. second, use of ism by the ...

interpreters have emphasize the necessity of knowing e’rab (diacritic) and syntax in the holy quran and none of them has been doubtful in the significance of the role of e’rab in interpreting. tabarsi in his interpretation book has exerted his efforts in delineating e’rab and after mentioning verses for interpreting, firstly explains lexical elements and then, discusses their e’rab. the signifi...

The present study was designed to compare the effect of coccidiostate drugs and cocccidial vaccines on performance of coccidian-infected broiler chickens. Nine hundred and sixty one-day-old broiler chicks from the Ross strain were randomly divided to eight treatment groups that each group contained 3 replicates. The birds of group 1 as negative control and group 2 as positive control did not re...

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in local chickens, broilers and layers slaughtered in Makurdi metropolis between September 2007 and April 2008. A total of 440 samples were collected from male and female chickens. Of the total samples examined, 200(45.5%) were from domestic chicken, 140(31.8%) from broilers and 100(22.7%) from layers. Of the tota...

Avian coccidiosis is the most costly and wide-spread parasitic disease in the poultry industry, and has been mainly controlled by the use of different chemotherapeutic agents. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, alternative control strategies are needed. In this study, the protective effects of Allium sativum or Aloe vera aqueous extracts were investigated in broiler chickens follow...