Marine reef fishes may spend a significant proportion of their daily activity budgets visiting cleaning stations. Nevertheless, the roles of ectoparasites and of interactions with cleaners in shaping patterns of diel activity in these fishes have been largely ignored, possibly because the importance of cleaning for the hosts remains controversial. In diurnal species, a peak in ectoparasite infe...

We are in an era of phenological (seasonal timing) change (1). One of the most consistent fingerprints of climate change is the spring advancement of life history events of diverse taxa in the northern hemisphere, from flowers to butterflies to birds. As phenologies change, so too do potential interactions among species. The speed of phenological change can differ among interacting species (2, ...

Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus, Acipenseridae) populations are currently at severely depleted levels due to historic overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution. The importance of biologically correct stock structure for effective conservation and management efforts is well known. Recent improvements in our understanding of Atlantic sturgeon migrations, movement, and the occurr...

The effects of wave action and horseshoe crab spawning on the topography and grain-size characteristics on the foreshore of an estuarine sand beach in Delaware Bay, New Jersey, USA were evaluated using data collected over six consecutive high tides. Data were gathered inside and outside a 25 m long exclosure constructed to create a control area free of disturbance by crabs. The density of crabs...

Semelparous Pacific salmon (Onchorynchus spp.) serve as an excellent model for examining the relationships between life history, behavior and individual variation in glucocorticoid (GC) stress hormone levels because reproductive behaviors are highly variable between individuals and failure to reproduce results in zero fitness. Pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) were intercepted upon arrival at the spaw...

The aquaculture of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) is limited by the poor spawning performance of the F1 generation cultured broodstock. The present study compared the efficiency of two sustained-release delivery systems loaded with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and a single GnRHa injection on the stimulation of oocyte maturation (OM), sex steroid hormone secretion and spa...

Parametric relationships between recruitment and an index of parental stock size assume the latter is proportionally related to spawning potential (usually indexed by spawning biomass), irrespective of the demographic composition of adults. Recent empirical information, however, suggests that spawning by older, more experienced females is more successful than that by the young, small or inexper...

16 he ability to rapidly create, deploy, and manage new network services in response to user demands presents a significant challenge to the research community and is a key factor driving the development of programmable networks. Results from this field of research are likely to have a broad impact on customers, service providers, and equipment vendors across a range of telecommunication sector...