Objectives. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a comprehensive indicator of health status and is useful in area-level health research and informing public health resource allocation. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a useful tool for developing SES indices to identify area-level disparities in SES within communities. While SES research in Canada has relied on census data, the voluntary nature o...

This paper analyses how increased offshoring impacts on labor income risk. It is therefore distinct from a large number of studies explaining the level effects of globalization on the labor market in that it takes a look at effects on the variability of incomes. It provides an assessment that directly connects labor income risk and offshoring trends in a panel setting at the industry level. Imp...

abstract this correlational-survery research was conducted with the main objective of investigating viewpoints of farmers of markazi district of karaj towards participation in community supported agriculture. the statistical population of the study consisted of farmers in markazi district of karaj (n=1598) out of which 117 people were selected as sample using cochran formula. in order to enhanc...

Background and Objective: Caring for children with autism is associated with parental stress and puts them at risk for depression and anxiety. Increasing resilience may help reduce the parents’ stress. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience and anxiety, depression, and stress in families with autistic children in 2018. Materials and Methods: In ...

BACKGROUND We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, the first to our knowledge, summarizing and quantifying the published evidence on associations between type 2 diabetes incidence and socio-economic position (SEP) (measured by educational level, occupation and income) worldwide and when sub-divided into high-, middle- and low-income countries. METHODS Relevant case-control and coh...

Background Routine health information system(s) (RHIS) facilitate the collection of data at all levels system allowing estimates disease prevalence, treatment and preventive intervention coverage, risk factors to guide control strategies. This core pillar remains underdeveloped in many low-income middle-income countries. Efforts improve RHIS quality timeliness were launched over 10 years ago. M...

This paper examines the impact of income risk on the level of well-being of rural households in Nigeria. While income risk is defined as the risks associated with variability in income well-being is defined in terms of the level of utility reached by a given individual. This level is a function of goods and services that the individual consumes. The study is based on primary data collected from...

OBJECTIVE To study the trends of socioeconomic inequalities and socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived health in Spain between 1987 and 2001. METHODS We estimated the distribution of educational level and per capita provincial income, and the differences in less-than-good self-perceived health by educational level and per capita provincial income in each period. RESULTS The percentage...

The link between income and subjective satisfaction with one’s financial situation is explored in this paper using a panel analysis of 1,998 individuals tracked through the course of the boom period in Ireland, 1994-2001. A dynamic ordered probit model which incorporates state dependence and controls for correlated individual effects and the initial conditions problem is applied. The impact of ...

Since the 1980s, the United States has witnessed increasing wealth concentration in the hands of the ultra-rich. Measured at the state level, the top 10 percent of income earners amassed roughly 43% of total income, and economic growth only enhanced this inequality between the ultra-rich and the rest of citizens. This paper examines whether social capital plays a positive role in mitigating inc...