Abstract: With the deterioration of global ecological environment, thinking on issues involving in Jack London’s novels has attracted more and attention world. This paper attempts to interpret profound spiritual consciousness The Valley Moon from perspective ecocriticism through text analysis. A study ecology should provide an approach crisis by analyzing essence ecology. starts with disorder i...

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Prof. Nosrat Safaeian from Sari, Australia received the Outstanding Achievement Award for Stewardship from the Iranian Society for Range Management at the 5th National Conference held in Boroujerd, Lorestan, Iran. He was born in Khorramabad and graduated in Ecology and Range Management from Montpellier, Science and Technique University, French in 1979.  I am honoured to introduce Prof. Nosrat S...

Abstract An update on the taxonomy of Caryocaraceae is given with descriptions all 26 species including details their ecology, uses and distribution. All are mapped, much further information about type collections included three lectotypified.

At the beginning of twenty-first century, the water crisis in the priority policy andmanagement is inside and outside of the country as principle thoroughly human, social,economic and political rulers of the country is considered abundant. The World Bank hasannounced that during 1960 and 2025, water resources in Middle East, from 3430 m3 for theeach person in year reach to 667 m3 because of pop...

Neotropical stream fishes exhibit a complex evolutionary history and encompass both old recent lineages. Patterns of species diversity are relatively well-studied for streams, but not patterns clade distribution historical factors that structure these assemblages, which the main interests phylogenetic ecology. Understanding context communities provides important insights into large-scale mechan...

In natural systems, individuals are often co-infected by many species of parasites. However, the significance of interactions between species and the processes that shape within-host parasite communities remain unclear. Studies of parasite community ecology are often descriptive, focusing on patterns of parasite abundance across host populations rather than on the mechanisms that underlie inter...

A novel model derived from percolation theory suggests that phase polyphenism may have initially evolved in locusts as a behavioural strategy to reduce the connectivity between patches of vulnerable prey, so reducing predation risk.

Cultural ecology is today at a place of rapidly expanding interconnections with the growing number of human-environment approaches in geography and other fields. Productive interconnections are evidenced, for example, in the extensive debate and discussion within geography that surround the varied relations (e.g., theory, methods, roles of science and representation, scale and subject matter) o...