Adequate responses to noxious stimuli causing tissue damages are essential for organismal survival. Class IV neurons in Drosophila larvae are polymodal nociceptors responsible for thermal, mechanical, and light sensation. Importantly, activation of Class IV provoked distinct avoidance behaviors, depending on the inputs. We found that noxious thermal stimuli, but not blue light stimulation, caus...

GTP plays a central role in diverse cellular processes, and at least three percent of the proteins in the human proteome bind GTP. The fundamental role played by GTP in cells, as well as the emerging realization that the functions of biological proteins and RNAs may not be as distinct as once thought, led us to hypothesize that RNA molecules that bind GTP might also be widespread in nature. To ...

23 24 Adequate responses to noxious stimuli causing tissue damages are essential for 25 organismal survival. Class IV neurons in Drosophila larvae are polymodal 26 nociceptors responsible for thermal, mechanical, and light sensation. Importantly, 27 activation of Class IV provoked distinct avoidance behaviors, depending on the 28 inputs. We found that noxious thermal stimuli, but not blue light...

Abstract The groundwater in the Rutba-Dhabaa region Western Iraq has been studied using multiple statistical methods. These methods proved successful giving a hydrochemical description of water as an alternative to Piper scheme, and therefore they can be relied upon future studies, whether for or surface water. is hard percentage calcium high, due type rocks incubating that groundwater, represe...

HIV maturation inhibitors are an emerging class of anti-retroviral compounds that inhibit the viral protease-mediated cleavage of the Gag, CA-SP1 (capsid-spacer peptide 1) peptide to mature CA. The first-in-class maturation inhibitor bevirimat (BVM) displayed potent activity against HIV-1 clade B but was ineffective against other HIV-1 clades including clade C. Another pyridone-based maturation...

Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for bioimaging are powerful tools for visualizing biological phenomena in specified cell types or cellular compartments. However, available gene promoters or localization sequences are not applicable for visualizing all expression events. Furthermore, a visualization technique focusing on single cells or cellular compartments is required for characteri...