Active learning aims to select samples be annotated that yield the largest performance improvement for algorithm. Many methods approach this problem by measuring informativeness of and do based on certainty network predictions samples. However, it is well-known neural networks are overly confident about their prediction therefore an untrustworthy source assess sample informativeness. In paper, ...

I begin with an explication of “thought experiment”. I then clarify the role that intuitions play in thought experiments by addressing two important issues: (1) the informativeness of thought experiments and (2) the legitimacy of the method of thought experiments in philosophy and the natural sciences. I defend a naturalistic account of intuitions that provides a plausible explanation of the in...

This research aims to establish a quantitative relation between probability statements and their “informativeness.” Keren & Teigen (2001) proposed the “search for definitive predictions” principle. According to this principle, relatively high or low probabilities are preferred to medium ones because high or low probabilities denote the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a single outcome more strong...

In many occupations, the consequences of an agent’s actions become known only over time. Should a principal then compensate an agent based on early but noisy information about performance, or later but more accurate information, or both? To answer this question, I study a two-period model in which a principal can pay a risk-averse agent based on both true output, which is realized with delay, a...

This study examines pragmatic language production deficits in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Participants (PD and non-PD) were interviewed and their responses coded for degree of informativeness. PD participants were more under-informative than non-PD participants. Response underinformativeness was associated with decreased executive control, mental status, and speech act comprehension m...

In a finitely repeated principal agent relationship with adverse selection I study (exogenous) interim information that is revealed during a long term relationship. Interim information mitigates adverse selection. Verifiability, measured by the cost of signal manipulation, and the signal’s informativeness determine the use and effectiveness of interim information: Less precise and more manipula...

Project Title: Term Informativeness PI: T. Jaakkola Participants: Jason Rennie and Tommi Jaakkola (MIT CSAIL) Abstract: Informal communication (e-mail, bulletin boards) poses a difficult learning environment because traditional grammatical and lexical information are noisy. For named entity extraction how topic-centric, or “informative,” a word is can provide valuable additional information. We...

The aim of the present paper is to investigate the encoding and decoding of informativeness of verbs in German. Pairs of target verbs and nouns were either semantically unrelated (i.e. new) or related to each other in different ways. In a production study using read speech, these differences in semantic relatedness were found to be expressed in the prosodic realisation of the target words, nucl...

This paper examines the “relative” information contained in insider director transactions. We find that insider transactions of multi-company directors reflect superior information about future relative returns; that is, directors are more likely to buy (sell) stocks of firms they direct that have better (worse) future returns. Examining related issues, we find weak support that December tax lo...