A porcine in vitro fertilization (IVF) system and seminal quality parameters of frozen-thawed boar semen were used to assess the effectiveness of two different thawing rates of frozen boar semen, and to address the question of whether differences between fertility of ejaculates could be predicted in a limited field trial. In the first experiment, two thawing procedures were analysed (37 degrees...

This article explores the possibility that there is a parental duty to use preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for the medical benefit of future children. Using one genetic disorder as a paradigmatic example, we find that such a duty can be supported in some situations on both ethical and legal grounds. Our analysis shows that an ethical case in favor of this position can be made when poten...

Outpatient endometrial aspiration: an alternative to methotrexate for pregnancy of unknown location. To evaluate the utility of an endometrial sampling protocol for the diagnosis of pregnancies of unknown location following in vitro fertilization. A retrospective cohort study of 14,505 autologous fresh and frozen in vitro fertilization cycles from 10/2007 to 9/2015 was performed; 110 patients w...

The incidence of complications arising from in vitro fertilization and oocyte retrieval is relatively low. Infections, bleeding, and ovarian torsion are the main complications discussed in this review. Physicians and patients need to be aware of these complications at all times during the treatment process. Early diagnosis and proper medical or surgical interventions will lead to a successful r...

Endometriosis is a physiological state in which endometrial tissue is present outside the uterine cavity. The prevalence rate is estimated to be between 10 to 15% in women in reproductive age and is often associated with infertility. Despite extensive studies, no mechanisms of the endometriosis-connected infertility have been found. Only two types of treatment are currently recommended-either s...

There exists a derived negative right to procreative freedom, including a right to in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and to the exercise of selective techniques such as preimplantation genetic diagnosis. This is an extensive freedom, including not only the right to the exercise of a responsible parenthood, but also, in rare cases, to wrong decisions. It includes also a right for less than perfect pa...

During the 20 years since the first child was born in Sweden after in vitro fertilisation, clinical policy has changed. During the early 1990s, the clinics performing in vitro fertilisation and the National Board of Health and Welfare agreed to reduce the number of embryos transferred to the uterus during in vitro fertilisation from three to two. Here, we describe the changes in multiple birth ...

This is a report of a case of an egg recovery procedure completed with manual suction instead of the automated negative pressure suction. A 35-year-old woman who was undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment had to undergo oocyte recovery using manual suction through a syringe instead of the automated negative pressure suction systems because of the failure of both the initial and repla...

The Use of In Vitro Fertilization: Is There a Right to Bear or Beget a Child by any Available Medical Means? The prodigious advancements of biomedical science in human reproduction have brought both blessing and cursing in recent years. Many join with child-less couples and hail the opportunity to bear a child, while others fearfully contemplate the moral and ethical consequences that accompany...

Couples who conceive using donated embryos rear a child to whom they are genetically unrelated. It has been suggested that this may have negative consequences for parenting and child development. Findings are presented of the 2nd phase of an exploratory study of families with a child conceived through embryo donation. Seventeen embryo donation families with a 5- to 9-year-old child were compare...