Synoptic maps of total ocean surface currents from space are needed to improve parameterisations of oceanic submesoscale dynamics and represent their impact on global ocean circulation, air-sea exchanges and the marine ecosystem. Wavemill is a hybrid interferometric SAR instrument that seeks to deliver high-resolution high-accuracy maps of ocean surface current vectors. It measures the total oc...

The geographical distribution of growing degree-days (GDDs) within Iran was studied using GIS-based maps. GDDs were calculated using daily thermal parameters (daily maximum and minimum air temperature). Based on the purpose of the study and climatic conditions of Iran, the average value of 5?C was chosen for GDD calculation. The calculations were carried out using daily weather data of 113 mete...

In this paper a method to directly assimilate brightness temperatures from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) to produce ice concentration analyses within a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system is investigated. To assimilate the brightness temperatures a simple radiative transfer model is used as the forward model which maps the state vector to the observation...

The effects of climate change on sea levels and coastal flooding are some of the most prevailing issues in the engineering industry today. In this study, a comprehensive procedure for detailed analysis of flooding from the sea under climate change conditions in a localized area was developed and applied. Through hydrodynamic and statistical modeling, detailed analysis of flooding from sea level...

To date very little is known about the relation between regional circulation patterns and sea surface temperature development in the Niño 1,2 region and the occurrence of heavy precipitation in Ecuador and northern Peru. The current study uses a comprehensive data set of 2544 Meteosat-3 imagery to investigate the dynamics of heavy precipitation during El Niño in 1991/92. Rainfall maps are retri...

This paper presents an algorithm to correct the effects of the atmosphere of POLDER hyperspectral and multiangular reflectance, paying particular emphasis to the aerosol effect. The data were acquired during the European Space Agency campaign DAISEX-99. The algorithm is based on the inversion of measured reflectance in two steps. First, we invert the POLDER reflectances to determine the three p...

The similarity ensemble approach (SEA) relates proteins based on the set-wise chemical similarity among their ligands. It can be used to rapidly search large compound databases and to build cross-target similarity maps. The emerging maps relate targets in ways that reveal relationships one might not recognize based on sequence or structural similarities alone. SEA has previously revealed cross ...

abstract many people know the important effects of caspian sea winds and storms on the economy of three provinces of iran including gilan, mazandaran, and golestan that they form one exclusive and extent area which have moderate and humid climate. this paper used a synoptic climatologically approach, which combine a number of atmospheric factors. using daily and monthly winds data including the...