In this study we investigated the bronchodilatory and anticholinergic effects of the aqueous extract (AE), brewed extract (BE) and ethanol extract (EE) of Polygonum avicular in comparison with saline (S) on isolated tracheal chains of the guinea pig. Due to the probable confounding effect of ethanol in the EE, the effects of this extract were also compared with 96 % ethanol. None of the plant...

the use of herbal products in the prevention of the growth of pathogens have been widely studied. problems in the treatment of infections caused by resistant strains of fungi are indicator of the need for a more in-detailed study of herbal remedies. artemisia aucheri is used as a medicinal plant with anti-microbial properties, and as an astringent. plant tissue culture is an important technique...

Timing of flowering is a reproductive trait that has significant impact on fitness in plants. In contrast to recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of floral transition, few empirical studies have addressed questions concerning population processes of flowering time diversification within species. We analyzed chloroplast DNA genealogical structure of flowering time variation in ce...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Aloe vera extract (AE) on the immunity responses and hematological parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry to develop alternative drug to chemotherapeutics and antibiotics in aquaculture. 1200 rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss) fry weighing 2±0.2 gram were randomly allocated into two treatment groups i...

AE is a serious medical condition in which the immune system attacks the brain, impairing function. With rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment, many patients recover most or all functions. However, not all patients experience full recovery; with approximately 6% mortality and other patients who never regain significant brain and/or bodily functions. Autoimmune encephalitis can pro...

In this work, the backward Bayesian multiple linear regression (BBMLR) as a new approach is presented to predict the adsorption efficiency (AE) of Cd(II) ions by ostrich bone char (OBC) in the fixed bed adsorption with four operational variables consisting of pH (2-9), inlet Cd(II) concentration (Co= 25-100 mg/L), bed depth (h= 3-9 cm) and feed flow rate (Q= 0.5-30 mL/min). The performance of t...