Dehydration affects the photosynthetic apparatus. The impact of dehydration on photosynthesis was assessed in twelve Mediterranean species representing different growth forms. Rapid and slow experiments were conducted to (1) compare water stress among forms, (2) rank according their drought tolerance. reduced electron transport up PSI, reduction being linearly related leaf relative content (RWC...

The heat-affected zone (HAZ) is an unmelted region of a welded joint that has changed in material properties because high temperatures during the welding process. HAZ lower strength than base (parent) (BM) and weld metal (WM). more significant if BM made steel undermatching filler used. Therefore, constitutive model essential for predicting mechanical behaviour joint. In this paper, method dete...

background recently, assessment of the atrial motion and deformation indices obtained via doppler myocardial imaging (dmi) has been proposed as a new method of exploring the atrial function. objective our aim was to assess the right atrial (ra) regional function using myocardial velocities, strain, and strain rate imaging (sri) and compare it with the function of the inter-atrial septum (ias) a...

The inverse energy cascade of two-dimensional (2D) turbulence is often represented phenomenologically by a Newtonian stress-strain relation with a ‘negative eddy-viscosity’. Here we develop a fundamental approach to a turbulent constitutive law for the 2D inverse cascade, based upon a convergent multi-scale gradient (MSG) expansion. To first order in gradients we find that the turbulent stress ...

THE article by Kurtz and Morris 1 in this issue of Hypertension raises important issues with regard to the use of genetically hypertensive rats. These issues are 1) the origins of various stocks, 2) the definition and maintenance of the integrity of various stocks of interest in hypertension research, and 3) the construction, appropriateness, and use of control strains for comparison with hyper...

THE article by Kurtz and Morris 1 in this issue of Hypertension raises important issues with regard to the use of genetically hypertensive rats. These issues are 1) the origins of various stocks, 2) the definition and maintenance of the integrity of various stocks of interest in hypertension research, and 3) the construction, appropriateness, and use of control strains for comparison with hyper...