We design and implement a library for adding backtracking computations to any Haskell monad. Inspired by logic programming, our library provides, in addition to the operations required by the MonadPlus interface, constructs for fair disjunctions, fair conjunctions, conditionals, pruning, and an expressive top-level interface. Implementing these additional constructs is easy in models of backtra...

Automated software verification is a very active field of research which has made enormous progress both in theoretical and practical aspects. Recently, an important amount of research effort has been put into applying these techniques on top of mainstream programming languages. These languages typically provide powerful features such as reflection, aliasing and polymorphism which are handy for...

Automated software veri cation is a very active eld of research which has made enormous progress both in theoretical and practical aspects. Recently, an important amount of research e ort has been put into applying these techniques on top of mainstream programming languages. These languages typically provide powerful features such as re ection, aliasing and polymorphism which are handy for prac...

The International Trade Commission (ITC) is an alternate venue for holders of U.S. patents to pursue litigation against infringing products produced abroad and imported to the United States. Because the ITC may only grant injunctive relief, it has awarded injunctions in situations where there may have been better and more efficient remedies to the infringement available through litigation in fe...

Previous studies have suggested that both the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and inferior temporal cortex (ITC) are involved in high-level visual processing and categorization, but their respective roles are not known. To address this, we trained monkeys to categorize a continuous set of visual stimuli into two categories, "cats" and "dogs." The stimuli were parametrically generated using a computer g...

This paper constructs extrapolated implicit-explicit time stepping methods that allow one to efficiently solve problems with both stiff and nonstiff components. The proposed methods are based on Euler steps and can provide very high order discretizations of ODEs, index-1 DAEs, and PDEs in the method of lines framework. Implicit-explicit schemes based on extrapolation are simple to construct, ea...

Measurement Validity Types Idea of Construct Validity Convergent & Discriminant Validity Threats to Construct Validity The Nomological Network The Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix Pattern Matching for Construct Validity Construct validity refers to the degree to which inferences can legitimately be made from the operationalizations in your study to the theoretical constructs on which those operati...

In 1781, Immanuel Kant argued that cognitive agents ignored the underlying structure of their world “as such” (the noumenal reality), and could only know phenomenal reality (the world “as it appears” through their experience). We introduce design principles to implement these theoretical ideas. Our agent’s input data is not a direct function of the environment’s state as it is in most symbolic ...

This article proposes the multiclass proximal support vector machine (MPSVM) classifier, which extends the binary PSVM to the multiclass case. Unlike the one-versus-rest approach that constructs the decision rule based on multiple binary classification tasks, the proposed method considers all classes simultaneously and has better theoretical properties and empirical performance. We formulate th...

The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of sexting among high school students as well as examine the theoretical foundation toward explaining this type of behavior. Specifically, we examined data from a sample of high school students in rural North Carolina to determine if low self-control and deviant peer association are constructs for explaining sexting among youth. Results indi...