Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Discomfort and fatigue are usually arisen from anticancer therapy such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or combination therapy, because of the suppressed immunological functions. Yunzhi (Coriolus versicolor) can modulate various immunological functions in vitro, in vivo, and in human clinical trials. Danshen...

Hemorrhagic septicemia is an important disease of cattle and buffaloes. Which causes revolutions with great economic losses in Asia Africa, Iraq it considered one the more dangerous diseases buffaloes than cows. This study was prepared to reassess vaccination program against hemorrhagic septicemia, which used Iraq, especially buffaloes, due nature their lives marshes as a result epidemic that o...

Bimolecular fluorescence complementation was used to engineer CD8 molecules so that CD8αα and CD8αβ dimers can be independently visualized on the surface of a T cell during antigen recognition. Using this approach, we show that CD8αα is recruited to the immunological synapse almost as well as CD8αβ, but because the kinase Lck associates preferentially with CD8αβ in lipid rafts, CD8αα is the wea...

shiga toxin (stx) is the principal virulence factor of shigatoxigenic escherichia coli (stec), a food-born pathogen associated disease with uncomplicated diarrhea or the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. in this study, rabbit polyclonal anti recombinant a, b subunits of shiga toxin and holotoxin antisera were raised and employed for immunological purpose. by immunoblotting, these antisera recognized r...

introduction: recurrent abortion (ra) may be a consequence of aberrant expression of immunological factors during pregnancy. although the relative importance of immunological factors in human reproduction remains controversial, substantial evidence suggests that autoantibodies contribute to reproductive failure. production of such antibodies is under the control of cytokines; and leptin, beside...

The model of membrane compartmentalization by self-organizing functional lipid microdomains, named lipid rafts, has been a fruitful concept resulting in great progress in understanding T cell signal transduction. However, due to recent results it has become clear that lipid rafts describe only one out of several membrane organizing principles crucial for T cell activation besides fences and pic...

HIV efficiently spreads in lymphocytes, likely through virological synapses (VSs). These cell-cell junctions share some characteristics with immunological synapses, but cellular proteins required for their constitution remain poorly characterized. We have examined here the role of ZAP-70, a key kinase regulating T-cell activation and immunological synapse formation, in HIV replication. In lymph...

Introduction: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease in which abnormal individual immune reactivity plays an important role. Eselectin and P-selectin are adhesion molecules expressed on vascular endothelial cells in several inflammatory skin diseases, including psoriasis. The aim of the present study was to describe selected immunological changes, concerning adhesion molecules status (sEsele...

Antibody was raised in chickens against purified sarcoplasmic-reticulum Ca2+-activated ATPase (Ca2+-ATPase). The immunological relationship between the Ca2+-ATPase of fast-muscle and slow-muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum was investigated by a one-step and a two-step competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results show marked antigenic differences between the membrane-bound Ca2+-...

An affinity immunological procedure for hyaluronic acid detection on tissue sections is described. This new, sensitive, and specific technique is based on the high affinity of hyaluronectin for hyaluronic acid, utilizing anti-hyaluronectin-hyaluronectin immune complexes. Elimination of binding when the reagent was supplemented with hyaluronic acid or when Streptomyces hyaluronidase-digested tis...