introduction: cigarette smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and it has been identified as the single most important cause of cardiovascular accident related deaths in most countries. methods: 1573 people who lives in 17th zone of tehran (population research center of tehran university of medical sciences) were investigated by a cross- sectional study. a group of...

the symptoms of today’s disease can help scientist to take a diagnostic approach toward those of the ancient times. the knowledge of the survey of disease in the ancient times is called pathology. ancient pathology focuses on the source, evolution and progression of diseases in the human groups in history. in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a lot of precise and detailed descriptiv...

Background & Aims: Major ( -thalassemia is a chronic and costly disease for health care system. Although regular transfusion reduces the disease complications, it is associated with complications of hemosiderosis. This study was performed to determine ( – thalassemia complications in patients referred to Kerman center for special diseases regardless of their age. Methods: This cross-sectional s...

background: almost one third of the global population is living in developing south asia where disease occurrence is high especially in rural areas and people are unaware of water-borne diseases and cost of illness. methods: the quantitative approach involved questionnaire based study (n=50 households). the community awareness, the occurrence of water-borne diseases with related cost of illness...

conclusions it seems that usage of ecg rating systems such as sss at the time of admission, in addition to showing the extent of the conflict in the myocardium, can provide valuable information about prognosis, severity of myocardial damage and ventricular function in hospitalized patients. background ischemic heart disease is among the most important causes of mortality. therefore, classificat...

results overall, 161 children at a mean age of 9.25 ± 3.37 years (age range = 1 - 15 years old) hospitalized with a definite diagnosis of the hydatid cyst between 2001 and 2014 were studied. the male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1. the most commonly involved organ was the lung (67.1%), followed by the liver (44.1%) and a combined liver and lung involvement was found in 15.5% of the patients. the cys...

introduction: glucose, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (ldl-c), triglyceride, and high density lipoprotein (hdl-c) are the related biochemical factors to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. the present study aimed to assess the seasonal changes in serum levels of these factors in healthy individuals. materials and methods: in the present applied study, demographic information and written...

anemia of chronic diseases (acd) is a common problem in patients with infectious diseases and can influence the quality of life and patients' survival. despite the clinical importance of acd, data are still lacking regarding this problem in the infectious diseases. this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, related factors, outcome and approaches to anemia in the infectious diseases ward...