with the advent of ilkhan (mongols) in iran, the art of illustrating book was officially formed and, from this period onward, this art prospered. great mongolian shahnameh, the painting masterpiece of ilkhanid era, was illustrated in tabriz as the first courtly illustrated edition during the time of abu sae'd bahadorkhan; gradually afterward, other illustrated editions of shahnaneh came in...

Abstract This article argues that the Mongol empire's famous religious tolerance cannot be explained solely through its adoption of Inner Asian imperial political traditions ruling over ethnically and religiously diverse subjects. Instead, this pluralism can ascribed to a wider pattern Mongols. The first part analytical category immanentist religions explains not only inter-cultic transparency ...

In most algorithms involving elliptic and hyperelliptic curves, the costliest part consists in computing multiples of ideal classes. This paper investigates how to compute faster doubling over fields of characteristic two. We derive explicit doubling formulae making strong use of the defining equation of the curve. We analyze how many field operations are needed depending on the curve making cl...

This paper presents a new shape for ordinary elliptic curves over fields of characteristic 2. Using the new shape, this paper presents the first complete addition formulas for binary elliptic curves, i.e., addition formulas that work for all pairs of input points, with no exceptional cases. If n ≥ 3 then the complete curves cover all isomorphism classes of ordinary elliptic curves over F2n . Th...

The present experiments tested the claim that phonological recoding occurs "automatically" by assessing whether it uses central attention in the context of the psychological refractory period paradigm. Task 1 was a tone discrimination task and Task 2 was reading aloud. The joint effects of long-lag word repetition priming and stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) were underadditive in Experiment 1, s...

In this paper we study the local behavior of a solution to the Lamé system when the Lamé coefficients λ and μ satisfy that μ is Lipschitz and λ is essentially bounded in dimension n ≥ 2. One of the main results is the local doubling inequality for the solution of the Lamé system. This is a quantitative estimate of the strong unique continuation property. Our proof relies on Carleman estimates w...

For nonlinear control systems with uncontrollable linearization around an equilibrium, the local asymptotic stability of the linear controllable directions can be easily achieved by linear feedback. Therefore we expect that the stabilizability of the whole system should depend on a reduced order model whose stabilizability depends on the linearly uncontrollable directions. The controlled center...