We report on a 36-year-old woman treated with the anti PD-1 antibody Pembrolizumab for metastatic cutaneous melanoma in the first line setting. She achieved a complete response and then relapsed with metastases to the vitreous cavity with an associated angiographically determined retinal vasculitis. Vitreous metastasis without choroidal involvement is unusual and may be due to individual cell e...

Background: Behçet’s disease is a multisystem vasculitis of unknown origin. Standard treatment mainly comprises systemic immunosuppressive agents. Ocular involvement, mostly posterior uveitis with retinal vasculitis, leads to blindness in 20–50% of the involved eyes within 5 years. The efficacy of interferon alfa-2a was studied in patients with sight threatening posterior uveitis or retinal vas...

Hydralazine has been used since the 1950s for the management of hypertension. Evidence for hydralazine-associated vasculitis dates to pre-ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) era. This abstract describes two cases of ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) in challenging scenarios where diagnosis was misconstrued. A comprehensive literature review was done to understand the p...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) are both rare and complex diseases with poor prognosis especially when misdiagnosis. We report a rare case of a young woman presented with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), but who was later found to have PAH associated with AAV. This case reminds us the very importance of differential diagnosis to PAH p...

A high incidence of raised levels of circulating immune complexes has found in a group of patients with idiopathic vasculitis. Serial measurements in 8 patients with systemic vasculitis showed a good correlation between clinical status and circulating immune complex levels. Some correlation existed between the constituents of circulating and tissue-bound complexes in 6 patients so studied. Howe...

A case of unilateral central vein occlusion occurring in a normotensive patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reported. This vasculitis is related to SLE. In spite of the observation of circulating immune complex and a positive response to the human basophil degranulation test in the presence of bovine soluble retinal antigen, the real pathogenesis of this unilateral vasculitis rem...

BACKGROUND Behçet's disease is a multisystem vasculitis of unknown origin. Standard treatment mainly comprises systemic immunosuppressive agents. Ocular involvement, mostly posterior uveitis with retinal vasculitis, leads to blindness in 20-50% of the involved eyes within 5 years. The efficacy of interferon alfa-2a was studied in patients with sight threatening posterior uveitis or retinal vasc...

PURPOSE This study reports a case of bilateral rifabutin-associated uveitis in a child with a history of acute myeloid leukemia. METHODS We utilized a clinical case description and brief discussion. RESULTS A 17-year-old girl presented with acute bilateral anterior uveitis, a hypopyon in the left eye, and moderate bilateral vitritis. She had a history of acute myeloid leukemia status post-a...

The occurrence of perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) in pulmonary fibrosis has been reported in a number of small studies, however, the appearance of p-ANCA in already established idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), predating the manifestations of vasculitis has not been widely appreciated. We report 2 cases with radiographic evidence of established IPF where p-ANCA ...

The term vasculitis encompasses a number of distinct clinicopathologic disease entities, each of which is characterized pathologically by cellular inflammation and destruction of the blood vessel wall, and clinically by the types and locations of the affected vessels. While multiple classification schemes have been proposed to categorize and simplify the approach to these diseases, ultimately t...