he theory of fuzzy sets was ntroduced by Zadeh [22] in 1965 as an attempt to study the vagueness and uncertainity in real world problems. A.Rosenfeld [16] applied the notion of fuzzy sets and introduced the notion of fuzzy subgroups in groups. Since then various classical algebraic systems have been fuzzified. The theory of rough sets introduced by Z.Pawlak [14] in 1982 is another independent m...

‎let $h$ be a prefrattini subgroup of a soluble finite group $g$‎. ‎in the‎ ‎paper it is proved that there exist elements $x,y in g$ such that the equality‎ ‎$h cap h^x cap h^y = phi (g)$ holds‎.

We improve the zeroizing attack on the multilinear map of Garg, Gentry and Halevi (GGH). Our algorithm can solve the Graded Decisional Diffie-Hellman (GDDH) problem on the GGH scheme when the dimension n of the ideal lattice Z[X]/(X+1) is O(κλ) as suggested for the κ-linear GGH scheme. The zeroizing attack is to recover a basis of an ideal generated by a secret element g ∈ Z[X]/(X + 1) from the...

‎In 1970‎, ‎Menegazzo [Gruppi nei quali ogni sottogruppo e intersezione di sottogruppi massimali‎, ‎ Atti Accad‎. ‎Naz‎. ‎Lincei Rend‎. ‎Cl‎. ‎Sci‎. ‎Fis‎. ‎Mat‎. ‎Natur. 48 (1970)‎, ‎559--562.] gave a complete description of the structure of soluble $IM$-groups‎, ‎i.e.‎, ‎groups in which every subgroup can be obtained as intersection of maximal subgroups‎. ‎A group $G$ is said to have the $FM$...

Let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group and $K$ closed subgroup. Assume that the order of any torsion element in integral cohomology is invertible given principal ideal domain $k$. It known this case homogeneous space $G/K$ with coefficients $k$ product $H^{*}(BK)$ over $H^{*}(BG)$ are isomorphic as $k$-modules. We show isomorphism multiplicative natural pair $(G,K)$ provided 2 The proof uses ...

in this paper we enumerate fuzzy subgroups, up to a natural equivalence, of some finite abelian p-groups of rank two where p is any prime number. after obtaining the number of maximal chains of subgroups, we count fuzzy subgroups using inductive arguments. the number of such fuzzy subgroups forms a polynomial in p with pleasing combinatorial coefficients. by exploiting the order, we label the s...

In this paper, we first characterize the convex $L$-subgroup of an $L$-ordered group by means of fourkinds of cut sets of an $L$-subset. Then we consider the homomorphic preimages and the product of convex $L$-subgroups.After that, we introduce an $L$-convex structure constructed by convex $L$-subgroups.Furthermore, the notion of the degree to which an $L$-subset of an $L$-ord...

It is a well known theorem that an abelian group G satisfying G = nG for every positive integer n is a direct summand of every abelian group H which contains G as a subgroup. It is the object of this note to generalize this theorem to abelian groups admitting a ring of operators, and to show that the corresponding conditions are not only sufficient but are at the same time necessary. Finally we...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and $mathbb{a}(r)$ be the set   of ideals of $r$ with non-zero annihilators. in this paper, we first introduce and investigate the principal ideal subgraph of the annihilating-ideal graph of $r$, denoted by $mathbb{ag}_p(r)$. it is a (undirected) graph with vertices $mathbb{a}_p(r)=mathbb{a}(r)cap mathbb{p}(r)setminus {(0)}$, where   $mathbb{p}(r)$ is...