The stable-isotopic signature of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) has been routinely used in temperate lake systems to investigate the biogeochemical dynamics of carbon. We studied seven perennially ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, to ascertain how carbon cycling affects the dC of DIC in water columns of these systems. Unlike temperate lakes and, in fact, most polar lak...

This article evaluates the effect of the choice of survey recruitment mode on the value of water quality in lakes, rivers, and streams. Four different modes are compared: bringing respondents to one central location after phone recruitment, mall intercepts in two states, national phone-mail survey, and an Internet survey with a national, probability-based panel. The modes differ in terms of the...

763 Vostok, and are located relatively close to it (Bell et al, 2006). “The size and origin of the two recently discovered large subglacial lakes suggest that these lakes are tectonically controlled. In contrast to the smaller and shallower lakes, tectonically controlled subglacial lakes are deep and quite old,” said Studinger. “The tectonic control and longevity of these lakes suggests that th...

Annual survey of Jalmahal, Amer, Nevta and Ramgarh lakes, has been conducted for one calendar year, to determine physicochemical characteristics of water and the levels of zinc (heavy metal) and endosulfan (an organochlorine pesticide). These lakes are situated on the outskirts of Jaipur city. Changes in pollutants correlated well with the physico-chemical characteristics of water bodies. Resul...

We argue that, while Milanković variations in solar radiation undoubtedly have a major influence on the timing of the Quaternary ice ages, they are partly incidental to their underlying causes. Based on observations of the significance of CO2, we propose a conceptually simple (but complicated in detail) energy balance type model which has the ability to explain the underlying oscillatory nature...

INTRODUCTION Response rates for the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) have declined in recent years. The response rate in 1993 was approximately 72%; in 2006, the response rate was approximately 51%. To assess the impact of this decline on the quality of BRFSS estimates, we compared selected health and risk factor estimates from BRFSS with similar estimates from the National He...

OBJECTIVE The goal of this research was to identify the fraction of deaths attributable to diabetes in the United States. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We estimated population attributable fractions (PAF) for cohorts aged 30-84 who were surveyed in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) between 1997 and 2009 (N = 282,322) and in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)...

The first observation of a large region of universe not containing any visible matter was made in 1981 by Kirshner et al.1. Starting from the discovery of this huge void (about 80Mpc in diameter) of matter in Boötes, galaxy surveys analysis showed that a considerable fraction of the volume of the universe is occupied by empty regions containing only few visible galaxies. These regions have been...