This study focuses on the development of a two dimensional (2D) simplified numerical framework of rigid wall-flexible diaphragm (RWFD) structures that can be used to validate seismic design approaches. This type of low-rise industrial buildings, which is widely used in North America, incorporates rigid inplane concrete or masonry walls and flexible in-plane wood, steel or “hybrid” roof diaphrag...

Identification of structural models from measured earthquake response can play a key role in structural health monitoring, structural control and improving performance-based design. System identification using data from strong seismic shaking is complicated by the nonlinear hysteretic response of structures where the restoring forces depend on the previous time history of the structural respons...

Hysteretic enzymes are defined as those enzymes which respond slowly (in terms of some kinetic characteristic) to a rapid change in ligand, either substrate or modifier, concentration. Such slow changes, defined in terms of their rate relative to the over-all catalytic reaction, result in a lag in the response of the enzyme to changes in the ligaml level. Several mechanisms, including ligand-in...